Ultrasound imaging is a widely used and cost-effective diagnostic imaging method to examine organs, soft tissue, and blood flow. It works with high frequency sound waves sent to the body from a transducer held on the patient's skin. This transducer also receives sound waves sent as an echo from the tissue and blood. These echoes are converted by the ultrasound machine into real-time images that can be viewed on a monitor next to the patient.
To improve the image quality, a harmless, odorless, water-soluble gel is applied to the skin where the transducer is placed. This may give a feeling of coolness and moisture, but at the end of the examination, the gel is completely removed.
For ultrasound examination, patients are usually asked to lie on a hospital bed or examination table. Throughout the procedure, it is normal to feel slight pressure and vibration from the transducer. This is absolutely painless. Room lights are sometimes dimmed to reduce glare and better view images on the screen. Changes in body position may sometimes be necessary to obtain better images.
What is Color Doppler Ultrasonography, Why is it Performed in Pregnant Women?
In Doppler ultrasonography, blood flow in the baby is examined by examining the blood flows in the baby (through the uterine vessels and umbilical cord) and in the baby. A decrease in their velocities, that is, placental insufficiency, is detected. This is the type of ultrasound popularly known as color ultrasound, and its purpose is not to image the baby in color but to examine the blood flow rates of the heart during systole (beating) and diastole (filling). In fact, the colors here are artificially created in the computer environment and are in various shades of blue or red depending on whether the blood flow approaches or moves away from the probe. It is easier to detect colored blood flows, and when the detected blood flows are documented graphically as waveforms, changes in blood flow rate can be displayed and decreases in flow rate can be determined by subjective calculations with some specific proportioning methods.
4 Dimensional ultrasound 3D ultrasound
Mainly use 3 or 4 dimensional ultrasonography classical 2 dimensional ultrasonography It is not a method that would make it unnecessary. However, it provides an advantage in some cases that are difficult to detect with classical ultrasonography or require experience. It is especially advantageous in examining the external structure of the baby.
For example, 3- or 4-dimensional ultrasonography can provide more detailed information and facilitate examination in detecting cleft palate and lip anomalies, in seeing some detailed anomalies in the arms and legs, and in neural tube defects. On the other hand, 2D ultrasonography is still superior to 3D ultrasonography in evaluating the baby's internal organs.
Although it may not seem vital, one of the most important advantages of 4D ultrasonography is that it is normally established after birth, with expectant mothers and fathers seeing the real appearance of their unborn baby. The expected emotional bonds are formed beforehand. Indeed, we often experience the truth of this by witnessing a mother crying out of excitement and emotional outburst when she sees her baby on the screen. It is also claimed by some that expectant mothers who see their babies in advance have a more comfortable time during the rest of their pregnancy.
Getting a 4-dimensional image on ultrasound requires certain conditions. First of all, there must be sufficient amniotic fluid in front of the part we want to examine. For this reason, sometimes the desired image may not be taken at that moment due to the baby's position. However, by extending the examination time or repeating it later, which is rare, the desired images can be obtained as the chance of the fetus's position changing increases.
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