Warts are raised bumps above the skin level as a result of the placement of a virus (Human papillomavirus - HPV) on the upper layer of the skin. When the integrity of the protective outer layer of the skin is disrupted for any reason, the virus multiplies by settling in deeper layers.
What are the Types of Warts?
- Wts located on the soles of the feet (verruka plantaris): It is usually single, painful, hard and raised. They can be confused with calluses. Cells contain large numbers of virus particles. Pain increases with walking. If the number of plantar warts is high, it is called "mosaic verrue/wart". They usually tend to be flatter and painless.
- Simple warts (verruka vulgaris): From simple wart formation; HPV type 2, rarely HPV type 1, type 4 or type 7 is responsible. Simple warts can be observed in any area of the skin and mucous membranes. It is more common in atopic (allergic) individuals and there is usually more than one wart formation. The most common place for wart formation is the hands. Placement around the nail is also observed in people with the habit of nail biting. Simple warts are bumps that are slightly darker than the skin color.
- Flat warts (verruca plana): HPV type 3, less commonly HPV type 10, type 27 and type 41, are caused by the formation of flat warts. is responsible. It is mostly located on the face, neck and back of the hands. They may be slightly raised from the skin, 2-4 mm in diameter, flat on the surface, slightly reddened or slightly dark-colored from the skin. Their number can increase with shaving.
- Filiform warts: Thread warts tend to settle on the face and neck in groups, mostly in men. Finger-like appendages on them draw attention.
- Oral warts (oral warts): They are small, slightly raised, pink-white bumps on the skin. Oral warts are most commonly located on the cheek, gingiva, tongue and hard palate.
- Anal warts: They are warts around the anus.
- Tree man disease (epidermodysplasia verruciformis): Associated with HPV types 5, 8, 9, 12, 14, 15, 17, 19. In this particular clinical picture, patients have a predisposition to HPV infection. There is genetic inheritance in 25% of cases. Tree man disease can begin in childhood and continue throughout life. Skin lesions, also They are flat papules (swelling with distinct borders on the skin) located mostly on the backs of the hands, face and limbs. They have a flatter surface than other warts. Squamous cell carcinomas may develop in 30-60% of cases, especially in sun-exposed areas. HPV infection can be observed more frequently and widely in people who have had a transplant. HPV infection can increase the risk of developing cancer in these people.
What is Genital Warts?
Genital warts are among the most common sexually transmitted diseases. Lesions settle in the genital area. It is mostly observed in adults. However, it can also be passed from mother to baby during childbirth.
Genital warts are observed on the penis in men and on the vulva of the vagina in women. Transmission can also occur through the use of items such as underwear and towels that are contaminated with the HPV virus. Genital warts can cause cervical cancer in women. Therefore, it is very important to monitor and treat patients well. Genital warts may cause rash and lesions in the area where they are located, or they may not cause any symptoms.
How to Diagnose Genital Warts?
Diagnosis is made by examination. Patients usually do not consult a physician before the disease progresses. However, early diagnosis increases the success of treatment.
How to Treat Genital Warts?
Creams that can be used in wart treatment are not as effective as burning or surgically removing warts. Recurrence (recurrence) can be seen in 30% of treated patients. Although the ways of transmission of HPV virus other than sexually are not clear, it is possible to be transmitted by skin contact. In order to prevent warts located in the external genital area, contact with an infected material should be avoided, and the use of common epilation materials should be avoided. The use of condoms can protect the cervix, but not the external genitalia. It should not be forgotten that the doctor does not keep any secret of the person. It is obliged to keep it for life and it cannot be considered otherwise.
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