Nutrition and eating disorders involve abnormal behaviors related to food consumption. If we examine these disorders under subheadings;
*Anorexia Nervosa
*Bulimia Nervosa
*Binge Eating Disorder
* Pica
*Rumination (Rumination Disorder)
*Avoidant/Restricted Food Intake Disorder
*Other Specified or Unspecified Feeding and Eating Disorders
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Like many behaviors, eating behavior can be dangerous and even lead to death when overdone.
While I will explain these one by one, I will focus on Anorexia, bulimia and binge eating disorder, which we encounter more frequently. If we list the most common of these, they can be listed as binge eating disorder - bulimia nervosa - anorexia nervosa.
ANOREXIA NERVOSA
Individuals with this diagnosis noticeably reduce their food intake and gain weight. They are very afraid of gaining weight and becoming obese, and they see themselves as fat even though they are abnormally thin. This is an indication that there is a serious distortion in body perception. Since they see themselves as fat in the mirror and believe this, it becomes very difficult for them to convince their relatives and even experts that they are underweight. In addition, intense exercises, vomiting, and laxative purging behaviors are observed in these individuals during the day.
Patients with AN also bring along other health problems. It can be seen that the patient encounters problems such as cessation of menstruation, slow heartbeat, low blood pressure, anemia, decrease in bone density, change in ECG. Unfortunately, this disease can be more serious and result in death. That's why early diagnosis and treatment is vital.
BULIMIA NERVOSA
The diagnosis of bulimia is more common than the diagnosis of anorexia. These patients consume much more than they normally consume in a normal meal, and they regret it and purge everything they eat. Generally, uncontrolled eating occurs due to stress and depression. This uncontrolled eating behavior Because they are ashamed of their jobs, they prefer to eat alone. Sometimes they eat so much that they experience an unusual and extremely uncomfortable feeling of fullness. This binge eating may not always be seen.
Unlike anorexia, there is no distorted body perception. So even if they are not fat, they do not think they are fat. You may see overweight or normal weight in these patients.
The enamel of the lower teeth may disappear due to vomiting behavior. However, they may also use laxatives or other medications. Some may also experience excessive exercise. Patients who do not consume anything between binges may also be seen. However, vomiting behavior is observed in almost all of them.
BINGE EATING DISORDER
Since one can normally consume food in one go without requiring any compensatory behavior (vomiting, excessive exercise, use of laxatives) without losing control. consumes much more. This situation can lead to guilt and the inability to perform eating behavior in front of others.
Although binge eating disorder is partially hereditary, it usually begins with a disruption of the diet, sadness and anxiety. He does not need to be hungry to perform the eating behavior, and since he eats quickly, he continues this behavior until the stomach becomes too full and causes discomfort.
PIKA
The patient consumes things that are not suitable for eating. It consumes products such as soil, plastic, soap and chalk, and their diversity changes over time. It can usually be seen in young children and pregnant women. Pica is especially common in autistic children and patients with mental disabilities. This situation can usually be caused by iron deficiency and as a result, it causes many diseases. The treatment begins with the treatment of the deficiency of iron or other minerals.
RUMINATION
The person constantly regurgitates the food he eats from his stomach and chews it over and over again.
AVOIDANT/ RESTRICTED FOOD INtake DISORDER
It is the problem of weight loss and inability to gain weight due to the person's inability to consume enough food.
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