Consumption of high amounts of sugar is a concern that it potentially replaces other nutrients in addition to excess energy intake. A study conducted in preschool children found that intake of other nutrients decreased in those whose energy intake from added sugar was more than 25% of their total energy. In the research, it was determined that those whose energy comes from simple sugar is above 10%, their fiber and protein intake is less and their fat consumption is more. (1)
Eating excessively sugary foods over time leads to insulin resistance, that is, hyperinsulinism. Hyperinsulinism increases the level of free IGF-1 by reducing the synthesis of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)binding protein-1 and -2 (IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2). Free IGF-1 is a potent mitogenic for almost all tissues. In other words, it causes cancer by increasing cell reproduction uncontrollably (2-3). As a matter of fact, it has been shown that hyperinsulinism increases the number of pancreatic cells (4-5). In addition, glucose's direct toxic effect on cells may cause pancreatic cancer (6). IGF-1 is a hormone found in every human being, and growth hormone shows its effect through IGF-1. If there is no IGF, growth hormone cannot have any effect on growth.
By the way, we know that the growth hormone given to cows to increase milk production increases IGF-1 when taken in excess. Therefore, we should not neglect this point when drinking milk other than dairy milk.
In an article published in the November 2006 issue of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, in this study conducted in Sweden, it was found that pancreatic cancer, the most hopeless cancer to treat, was caused by sugary foods and alcohol. It has been shown that it is significantly more common in people who consume beverages.
In this study conducted between 1995 and 1997, approximately 80,000 people, men and women, were examined and pancreatic cancer occurred in 131 people during this period (7). When the patients' diets were examined, it was shown that pancreatic cancer was 90% more common in people who drank two or more sugary soft drinks a day (soda, cola, sugary fruit juices, etc.) than in those who did not drink soft drinks.
1 . The Effect of Sugar Consumption on Body Mass Index in School Age Children Evaluation, Eda KÖKSAL, Merve Şeyda KARAÇİL, Gazi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ankara, Turkey
2.Attia N, Tamborlane WV, Heptulla R et al. The metabolic syndrome and insulin-like growth factor I regulation in adolescent obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83: 1467–1471.
3.Gupta K, Krishnaswamy G, Karnad A, Peiris AN. Insulin: a novel factor in carcinogenesis. Am. J. Med Sci 2002;323:140–145.
4.Henderson JR, Daniel PM, Fraser PA. The pancreas as a single organ: the influence of the endocrine upon the exocrine part of the gland. Gut1981; 22 :158 –67.
5.Fisher WE, Boros LG, Schirmer WJ. Insulin promotes pancreatic cancer: evidence for endocrine influence on exocrine pancreatic tumors. J Surg Res1996; 63 :310 –3
6.Robertson RP. Chronic oxidative stress as a central mechanism for glucose toxicity in pancreatic islet beta cells in diabetes. J Biol Chem2004; 279 :42351 –4
7.Larsson SC, Bergkvist L, Wolk A. Consumption of sugar and sugar-sweetened foods and the risk of pancreatic cancer in a prospective study Am J Clin Nutr 2006 84: 1171- 1176.
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