Pelvic infections often occur when microorganisms in the lower genital tract reach from the bottom up, from the chamber to the cervix, and from there to the uterus, tubes and ovaries, and even to the peritoneum and the entire abdomen. These infections can be acute (emergency), subacute (semi-emergent), or chronic (long-lasting). These infections can lead to infertility, ectopic pregnancy, intra-abdominal adhesions, chronic waist-groin pain and intra-abdominal abscesses.
What is the frequency of pelvic infections?
More than 10% of women of reproductive age pelvic infection is present. Each year, 1% of young, sexually active women become infected with this infection. The most common pathogens are Chlamidia Trachomatis and N.gonoredirz. Both factors are transmitted through sexual contact. After the infected partner, Gonorrhea occurs within 2 weeks, and Chlamidia infection occurs within 2 months. In a 1995 study in the USA, bacterial sexually transmitted diseases were found in 6% of sexually active women and pelvic infectious diseases in 8%. In those whose first sexual contact was before the age of 15, the rate of bacterial sexual diseases was 4 times higher and the rate of pelvic infection was more than 2 times higher than in those whose first sexual contact was after the age of 18.
As the number of sexual partners increases, the risk of infection increases. Age, race, age of first sexual contact and number of lifetime partners increase the risk of sexually transmitted infectious diseases. Education, age, intrauterine device use, vaginal douche, uterine film production and history of bacterially transmitted diseases also increase the risk of pelvic infection. To reduce the risk of recurrence, partners are also treated for Gonorrhea and Chlamidia, that is, bacterial infection treatment. Most infected male partners have no symptoms. Partner treatment is essential. Young age creates some biological predispositions for lower genital infections to progress into the abdomen. These biological features are low protective antibodies, high bacterial permeability of cervical secretions, and low general microbe resistance.
How does an intrauterine device cause pelvic infection?
It carries infection from bottom to top. makes it easier. It disrupts cervical defense mechanisms. Before applying an intrauterine device, the patient It should be thoroughly evaluated for pelvic infection and treated if necessary. Intrauterine devices should be preferred in women who are monogamous and whose partners are also monogamous, and women with IUDs should be frequently screened for pelvic infections.
How do birth control pills affect pelvic infections?
Birth control pills. It increases the risk of lower genital tract infections by widening the transition zone in the cervix and reduces the risk of symptomatic pelvic infections. It reduces the severity of tubal infection. Because menstrual bleeding decreases. The amount of blood flowing from the tubes back to the abdomen decreases with each menstrual period.
How is the diagnosis of pelvic infection made?
There is a wide spectrum of complaints and symptoms.
In women with pelvic infection, the most Common complaint:
1-Lower abdominal pain and tenderness (especially during walking and sexual intercourse)
2-Abnormal vaginal discharge
3-Fever
4-Tremors
5-Irregular vaginal bleeding
6-Urination difficulty
7-Nausea-vomiting
Pelvic infection What are the purposes of treatment?
1-Removing infection and inflammation in the reproductive system
2-Preventing or minimizing permanent disorders, such as tube stickiness and infertility. Empiric antibiotic regimens directed against possible agents should be initiated promptly. A single antibiotic treatment is not sufficient; two antibiotics are given. Those with intrauterine devices should be removed.
How should the protection against pelvic infection be?
If we want to prevent the closure of the tubes and infertility associated with pelvic infection. It is necessary to treat the infection before it reaches the tubes. Oral contraceptives provide a degree of protection against potential pathogens by creating a mucous barrier against sperm and bacteria.
Since most tubal infections occur during the menstrual period, birth control pills reduce the amount and duration of bleeding, and the return of menstrual blood into the abdomen in the tubes (tubal reflux). It decreases.
Using barrier methods for protection (such as condoms, diaphragms). Education and screening are very important. In the high-risk group (polygamous young women and men), prophylaxis should be performed in IUD, biopsy, HSG and intrauterine applications.
Read: 0
