Allergic asthma, which affects 300 million people all over the world and is seen in 7 out of every 100 adults and 15 out of every 100 children in our country, occurs as a result of the combined effects of genetic and environmental triggers. It is more common especially in spring and summer. It develops as a result of the hypersensitivity response of the immune system to small particles in the air, called allergens. Allergy; This is because our body gives a similar protective increased reaction against weed, grass or tree pollens, mold fungi and spores, indoor and outdoor dust mites or pet dander (hair, skin, feathers or saliva), which are allergens that our body frequently encounters in our environment. When we encounter an allergen, your body produces molecules called IgE antibodies. This period is called the recognition or sensitization period. In repeated encounters with the same allergen, the release of reactive substances from some cells causes reactions. These trigger a series of reactions in the airways that can cause edema, itching, increased discharge and sneezing. These reactions mostly manifest themselves in the airways, skin and intestines. In people with allergic asthma, contraction of the muscles in the lung airways causes cough, light-colored sputum production, respiratory distress (wheezing or difficult breathing, snoring, cyanosis, increased breathing rate), nasal itching, congestion and discharge, watery eyes, itching and It causes redness complaints. It can also cause frequent infections of the airways.
Although irritants do not cause an allergic reaction, they can trigger an asthma attack. These are pollutants that are often encountered in polluted environments and working environments. These include tobacco smoke, engine or industrial smoke, volatile irritant gases, industrial solvent vapor, strong chemical odors, perfumes or other scented products, and cold air. Even intense emotions and emotional changes can trigger asthma.
People may also experience allergic reactions if they touch or eat allergens. This type of exposure rarely causes asthma symptoms, but it can also cause a serious or even life-threatening circulatory reaction such as anaphylactic shock. It may be possible.
He may recommend allergy tests to find the allergen. These tests are usually based on comparing very small amounts of the suspected allergen through the skin. The skin is graded according to the level of reaction. If a skin test is not possible, allergen screening can be done with a blood test instead.
In old allergic approaches, the airway was divided into upper and lower and defined as allergic rhinitis and asthma. However, today the single airway approach is more accepted in allergic diagnosis and treatment, and allergic rhinitis and asthma are treated together.
The basic principle in treatment is to avoid allergens and allergic asthma triggers. When pollen counts are high, you should stay indoors as much as possible, keep windows closed, and if you have air conditioning, it can be used to filter the air (with frequent pollen filter cleaning).
To keep dust mites away, cover pillows, mattresses, and your bed with allergen-proof covers. It is extremely helpful to wrap and wash the sheets in hot water (60 degrees) once a week, as well as to get rid of items that can collect dust, such as heavy curtains or piles of clothes. If your child has allergic asthma, only washable stuffed toys should be bought. If possible, wall-to-wall carpeting should be removed, if moisture is a problem in the home, a moisture reducing device can be used to cut down on mold, and plumbing leaks should be repaired. It is important to keep pets out of the bedroom and keep the kitchen and bathroom very clean to prevent mold and cockroaches. Gardening and growing flowers can cause pollen and mold.
Medications for Allergic Asthma: Bronchodilators, which relax the muscles around the airways, are used to stop asthma symptoms by making breathing easier. Anti-inflammatory medications that reduce edema are used in long-term control of asthma.
Other medications may prevent your airways from reducing or blocking the release of chemicals that trigger an allergic reaction.
Desensitization to prevent your immune system from overreacting to certain allergens. -vaccine can be applied.
Scientific studies have shown the increase in allergic diseases in recent years; intestinal flora disorder, which Unhealthy foods containing myochemicals-additives, genetically modified, processed-packaged, deterioration of digestive function (wrong eating habits, use of drugs that reduce stomach acid...), failure of the immune system to develop due to excessive hygienic environment, increase in cesarean deliveries, increase in antibiotic use, chronic Reasons such as stress, vitamin deficiencies, meat and dairy products of animals fed with fabricated and GMO feed, using antibiotics and hormones, etc. are held responsible. It is recommended to consume foods containing antioxidants such as natural fruits and vegetables, beta carotene and vitamins E and C. Complementary medicine methods that balance the immune system and anti-inflammatory are also used.
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