In the past, people pursued food through hunting and gathering. In ancient times, when nutrition was inadequate, hunters and gatherers stored foods with high protein content in the body as an "economic gene" profile. They used these stored resources when they could not find enough food. However, with the development of agriculture over time, the consumption of carbohydrate-containing foods increased and thus the amount of insulin secreted from the pancreas began to be secreted more. Over time, the protein stored in the body was replaced by carbohydrates, and with industrialization and the developing economy, carbohydrates consumed began to be replaced by fast food meals. With the increase in fast food consumption, obese individuals have emerged as a result of stored products. Obesity has also spread like an epidemic. As a result, metabolic syndrome, which occurs due to the coexistence of some risk factors (abdominal fat, atherogenic dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, insulin resistance) that cause the development and progression of diseases such as heart disease and diabetes, began to be observed in obese individuals (Deitel, M. 2011). Metabolic syndrome was first described as “Syndrome X” by Reaven in 1988. It has been observed that there are more than one grouped risk factors in the physiological findings of heart diseases.
Both due to genetic reasons and due to consuming more food than the person needs, more fat than required accumulates in the body and the person may develop obesity. To clinically define obesity, body mass index, which is obtained by dividing weight to the square of height (kg/m2), is used. Accordingly, adults with a body mass index over 25 are defined as overweight, and those with a body mass index over 30 are defined as obese. In addition, body weight according to age, weight according to height, measurement of skinfold thickness and body composition in terms of fat content are other diagnostic methods used (Babaoğlu, K. and Hatun, Ş. 2002:8).
In 21st century medicine, life codes have just begun to be read. Genome studies will enable us to understand aging in individuals. But how long do you think being immortal is enough if there is no health and fitness?
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