1) What is endometriosis (chocolate cyst)?
It is among the most common health problems affecting the reproductive system of women. It usually occurs with severe pelvic pain, thought to be caused by genetic factors.
Menstrual bleeding, which the female body carries out routinely every month for fertility, is thrown out of the body with some blood coming from the uterus as a result of the endometrium layer lining the uterus thickening and shedding due to hormones. This action is menstrual bleeding. However, this specific behavior of the endometrium layer in the uterus, as a result of its positioning in any region outside the uterus, causes adhesions by damaging the surrounding tissues. The appearance of adhesion that resembles chocolate color, causing damage to the organs where it is located due to the effect of bleeding, is called chocolate cyst. If left untreated, it can cause serious health problems.
2) What are the symptoms of chocolate cyst, how is it diagnosed?
The most distinctive feature of chocolate cyst is severe pelvic pain. It is pain. These pains can often occur during menstrual periods and sexual intercourse. In addition, it damages the pelvic organs, causing problems with not being able to get pregnant, and is easily diagnosed by the image obtained as a result of the gynecological examination. If the endometrium layer settles in another area other than the uterus, it may damage the surrounding organs and cause inflammatory reactions due to the shedding and bleeding behavior that occurs every month. These reactions occur with severe pain during menstrual periods.
3) What happens if the chocolate cyst is not treated?
Infertility< br /> Due to the behavior of the endometrium outside the uterus, it causes adhesion in the surrounding organs and functional deterioration of its anatomical structure. Tissue residues of the endometrium, along with bleeding, can cause obstruction of the fallopian tubes or deterioration of the functional fringes at the end of the fallopian tubes, which can lead to infertility problems. If left untreated, the negative effects will progress and lead to irreversible infertility. It brings up the problem of �k. It can also damage the ovaries if it tends to spread. In this case, it is a problem that cannot be achieved even for in vitro fertilization treatment.
Ectopic pregnancy
As part of the infertility effect of the chocolate cyst, the egg cannot progress in the fallopian tubes and may get stuck in the area. In short, if the egg released from the ovaries cannot pass through the fallopian tubes, it causes infertility, and if the egg gets stuck in the fallopian tubes, it causes ectopic pregnancy. Chocolate cyst foci in the fallopian tubes increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy by 6 times. Additionally, depending on the progression of the cyst, ectopic pregnancy, infertility and, most seriously, loss of the ovaries may occur.
Removal of the ovaries
If the chocolate cyst, which reaches the ovaries as a result, is not treated, it may negatively affect the functionality of the ovaries and their reserves for the ovary. Additionally, depending on the progression of the disease, if treatment is not done, the ovaries may need to be removed surgically in the coming days. In this case, it is an indication that chocolate cyst is a very threatening problem for patients who want to have children.
4) How is chocolate cyst treated?
Gynecological examination performed If the cysts are found to be under 3 cm as a result of the examination, they can be treated with various medications or birth control pills. These pills contain progesterone and estrogen hormones and are intended to prevent bleeding and eliminate the resulting lesions. However, there is a difference of opinion among experts about the drug treatment of chocolate cyst. However, chocolate cyst is an insidious disease that can recur and progress without causing any complaints. For this reason, even patients who are treated for chocolate cysts or who do not have any complaints should have regular gynecological check-ups. In addition, in chocolate cyst treatments, the woman's age and her desire to have children in the future also play an important role in determining the treatment method.
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