Aesthetic dental products called ceramics or porcelain are non-organic materials made by combining more than one metal or non-metallic substances and cooking or processing them at very high temperatures.
The origin of the word is keramikos, used in ancient Greek. The meaning of this word is burnt or burnt matter. Ceramics, which are used in all industrial areas, have been used extensively in dentistry and other branches of medicine for the last 50 years.
Porcelain; It is a member of the large ceramic group consisting of products made entirely from clay soil or, more precisely, from raw materials containing clay. Porcelains are produced from kaolin, quartz and feldspar. Kaolin is the raw material that enables porcelain dough to be easily kneaded, shaped and colored. Quartz, on the other hand, is a skeleton-forming raw material and dissolves at a significant rate in feldspar, which provides the formation of a glassy phase, making the porcelain paste hard, glassy, and resistant to heat and chemical effects.
The three main substances that make up porcelain are quartz, kaolin and feldspar.
Porcelain tooth and ceramic fillings, crowns or prostheses, which are widely used in dentistry, are also used in orthodontic wires and connection apparatus.
When the ratio of the main materials they contain is examined, the majority of dental porcelain systems are feldspar. They are called feldspathic porcelain because they contain It is very fragile and impossible to use without supports. As infrastructure support material;
Mica (Dicor), No light permeability
Platinum foli (sunrise) No light permeability
Electrophoretic gold (galvano) No light transmission
Non-precious metal alloys (Cr,Co,Ni) No light transmittance
Precious alloys (Au-Pl) No light transmittance
Infiltrated glass ceramics (Inceram) Has light transmittance
Glass ceramics (Empress) Have light permeability
Polycrystalline ceramics (Zirconia, Alumina) Have light permeability
Those used with metal infrastructure in these studies are metal-ceramic in dentistry. Others are called metal-free or full ceramic teeth. In full ceramic studies, porcelain is worked or coated on the ceramic support infrastructure. In other words, porcelain is worn on the ceramic.
Dentists who produce all these processes and different infrastructure materials. Companies have used different naming practices. Since they are produced by certain companies, they are generally referred to by the trade names of the companies in dentistry.
It will be useful to talk about these brands and their contents in this article prepared to help patients get rid of this conceptual confusion.
Glass ceramics and infiltrated glass ceramics.
İnceram VITA
IPS Emax IVOCLAR
IPS Empress IVOCLAR
Alumina oxide PROCERA
These substructure materials, produced with maximum precision, provide the best fit and adaptation to the natural teeth shaped in the mouth. Choosing tissue-friendly substructure materials in dentistry is the key to long-term success.
The light permeability of metal-free ceramics or zirconias used as substructure materials is very important in ensuring a more natural perception and aesthetic success of porcelain teeth.
With the help of porcelain laboratory devices developed in recent years, the substructures of ceramics are suppressed. It has become made of porcelain tooth material. Since these transparent porcelains, called Empress, do not use metal for durability, they have the same light transmittance and natural appearance as natural tooth enamel.
Ensuring full color harmony, a thinner appearance and superior natural appearance in Empress or zirconia applications has become the solution to aesthetic expectations. The sought-after features of Empress applications are that they have very good tissue compatibility, do not cause allergies and have high gingival compatibility. It should not be forgotten that aesthetics will be possible by combining tooth-gingival harmony with function.
Read: 0
