Canker sores, also known as mouth ulcers, are the most common painful sores that occur in the mouth. The classic lesion is in the form of red, round or oval ulcers, usually smaller than 1 cm. It occurs on the mucosa in the mouth. 40% of the population develops aphtha in their mouth during their lifetime. Unless there is a recurrent condition, no examination or treatment is required. It is most commonly seen during adolescence and young adulthood, and occurs less frequently as we get older. It is not contagious. The cause of canker sores in the mouth is unknown. In the majority of people with canker sores, there is no other problem that could cause it. Although there are both hereditary and environmental causes, the exact cause is not clear. Although many factors have been suggested as the cause in sensitive people, the exact cause is unknown.
Oral trauma
Intraoral infections with fever
Hormonal changes associated with menstrual bleeding
Anxiety or stress
Quit smoking
Heredity
Food allergies; chocolate, tomatoes, hazelnuts, pineapple and benzoic acid
Toothpastes containing sodium lauryl sulfate
Iron, folic acid or vitamin B12 deficiency
Inflammatory bowel diseases.
Celiac disease (gluten sensitivity) has been found to be associated with the development of aphtha.
Behçet's disease; It is a condition characterized by canker sores in the mouth, genital sores and eye inflammation.
Infection with the AIDS virus has also been found to be associated with canker sores.
Diagnosis
A careful anamnesis and examination of canker sores. Diagnosis is made by its typical appearance. If the diagnosis is uncertain, the disease is more severe, or other symptoms are present, a biopsy and other tests may be necessary. It should be noted that canker sores may be associated with herpes or fungal infections, trauma or cancer. Canker sores can also be seen with inflammatory bowel diseases, HIV infection and some medical conditions.
Treatment
Gargle with salt water or other antiseptic mouthwashes can be used. Sometimes topical calamine lotion or pain-relieving ointment can be used.
In addition to its healing effect on glycyrrhiza, licorice root extract can reduce pain due to aphtha.
If there is a deficiency, folic acid, iron, and vitamin B12 can be given. Treatment may take several months.
To prevent canker sores
Hard toothbrush, Rough foods, minor trauma may cause aphtha. should not be used.
Stress reduction: reduce stress as stress is a cause for recurrent aphtha.
Avoid toothpastes containing sodium lauryl sulfate.
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Do not talk while chewing.
Have irregular tooth surfaces repaired.
Hormonal factors can sometimes trigger canker sores during the premenstrual period.
Iron, folic acid or B12. If there is vitamin deficiency, it should be treated.
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