Where is the aortic valve?
The aortic valve is the valve of the aorta, the main vessel leaving the heart. It is located on the border between the left ventricle and the aorta.
What is the Function of the Aortic Valve?
It is to pump and spread blood from the heart to the body. The valve should close completely and allow the passage of blood, while preventing backflow.
What are the causes of Aortic Valve Disease?
Why is Aortic Valve Disease?
The reason why it has fallen from the first place due to rheumatic fever and acute joint rheumatism in valve diseases. Today, there are two main reasons for the aortic valve.
Two-valve aortic valve:
Normally, the aortic valve consists of three valves. If there are two congenital valves, it is called Bi (two), cusp (valve), "bicusp" aortic valve. Also known as bicuspid aortic valve (BAC). This defect prevents the door from fully opening and closing. It can be a problem in childhood. Troubled lid movements may be impaired in advanced ages. The underlying cause is mostly seen as BAC in the elderly who come to aortic valve surgery.
Senile Degeneration: Calcification with aging
Aortic disease in advanced ages Limescale accumulating on the lid causes the lid movements to be restricted. Stenosis occurs over the years.
What are the Symptoms of Aortic Valve Disease?
Classic symptoms; shortness of breath, chest pain and fainting. Along with this, shortness of breath, fatigue and palpitations are listed. Effort capacities decrease. They have difficulty climbing stairs.
How to Diagnose Aortic Valve Disease
A murmur is heard in the heart during the examination. With echocardiography the diagnosis is made by examining the parts of the heart and the valve. Stenosis or insufficiency can coexist.
What is the treatment in Aortic Valve Disease?
The patient is evaluated with complaints and findings. The first stage is drug therapy. Patients with no complaints appear It is checked with echocardiography at intervals of 30 minutes.
In patients with aortic stenosis, the aorta, the main vessel exiting the heart, is also evaluated. Enlargement and ballooning (aneurysm) may develop in the aorta due to stenosis. This situation is effective in the decision of surgery.
The most important issue in aortic valve diseases is that the patient has symptomatic complaints. Patients with complaints may require early intervention. The risk of sudden death is also mentioned. Even a little bit of patients are afraid. In recent years, it has been claimed that this is lower than expected.
What are Aortic Valve Surgery?
Aortic valve repair is not frequently performed. Lime and accompanying aneurysm reduce the chance of valve repair. It is often preferred to replace the valve to avoid the risk of reoperation after repair.
There are two options for Aortic Valve replacement. Valves called mechanical valves are selected in young patients and bioprostheses are selected in patients over 60 years of age. The choice of valve is decided together with the patient.
Bioprostheses are generally made of bovine and porcine pericardium.
Ozaki technique has been used in recent years. . The heart valve is made using the patient's own pericardium.
MINIMAL INVASIVE: SMALL INTERCIOUS SURGERY
The difference from Classical Surgery is the operations performed by cutting only a small part of the breastbone (sternum bone). Small incision shortens the recovery period of patients and is more comfortable.
What is Aortic Valve Replacement with Catheter/Angio?
TAVI is the technique of changing the valve by entering through the groin in elderly (>80) and those with a high risk of surgery. Today, patients are classified and scored according to SSI conditions and guidelines, and the decision for TAVI is made according to the resultant score. It is generally used in University and Research Hospitals. This is because it is quite expensive. SSI is expanding restrictions due to cost. Since some patients do not know the subject, they may face a very high price when they say "I want to be too".
The valve is controlled with angiography during or after the procedure. In case of failure or valve leakage (insufficiency), the patient can go to open heart surgery. In addition, it can be seen in severe complications such as rupture of the inguinal or intra-abdominal vessels, occlusion, or paralysis and heart failure caused by fragments of the calcified valve. is higher. Even in the most developed centers abroad with a high number of cases, there is a life risk of around 8-10%. This risk of death is between 1-5% in the classical surgical method and varies according to the patient.
As a result, patients are evaluated as a whole and a decision is made. I suggest that you discuss other issues you are wondering about with your doctor.
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