It is the situation where the fetus remains below a certain percentage (10%) of the standard weight that should be determined according to the week of pregnancy. The point that should be taken into consideration here is that not every fetus with a weight below the required standard weight has growth retardation, the majority of which are structurally small fetuses.
There are risks of stress, exposure to asphyxia, and death in the neonatal period in fetuses with intrauterine growth retardation (RIGG). It is higher than normal pregnancies.
IUGG causes:
Vascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes, heart diseases in the mother
Preeclampsia
Kidney and liver in the mother diseases, other chronic diseases
Maternal malnutrition
Plasental abnormalities
Mother's smoking, alcohol and drug use
Maternal malnutrition
Maternal malnutrition
p>Anemia in the mother
Various anomalies of the fetus
Chromosomal anomalies
Twin and other multiple pregnancies
Infections of the fetus
Diagnosis:
Ultrasound and Doppler ultrasound are auxiliary diagnostic methods in the diagnosis of IUGG. Oligohydramnios (low amniotic fluid) is more common in these. Amniotic fluid measurement below 50 is a bad criterion. During ultrasound, the baby's head circumference, leg length, abdominal circumference and estimated weight are measured and compared with normal standards according to the week of pregnancy.
Treatment approach:
Pregnancies diagnosed with IUGG. It is monitored more closely and birth is usually performed if it is determined that the fetus is at very high risk in the womb according to ultrasound, Doppler, NST and biophysical profile (BPP) follow-ups. Although these babies can be born normally, the probability of requiring a cesarean section is higher than normal pregnancies.
Amniotic fluid level less than 50 and Doppler measurements are high, the baby does not grow in weekly ultrasound follow-ups, NST is nonreactive, biophysical profile evaluation is performed. Pregnancies with a score of 6 or less are considered to be at high risk and birth is planned as soon as possible. Since premature birth may be necessary, betamethasone (steroid) medication is given to ensure lung development of the fetus.
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