Although the heart is a single organ, it works as two separate pumps (right heart and left heart). Dirty blood, which comes from all organs of the body and has low oxygen, is poured into the right atrium through the main veins, from where it passes to the right ventricle through the triple valve.
The right ventricle pumps the dirty blood to the lungs through the pulmonary artery. The blood coming to the lungs is enriched with oxygen and purified. Clean blood returns to the left atrium via the pulmonary veins (right heart function = small blood circulation = pulmonary circulation).
Clean blood in the left atrium passes to the left ventricle through the double valve. Clean blood coming from the left ventricle is pumped to all organs via the aorta. After gas exchange in all organs of the body, dirty blood with low oxygen comes to the right atrium through the main veins (left heart function = large blood circulation = systemic circulation).
Blood flow in the body
The aorta coming from the heart is the largest in the body. It is an artery. After giving off three branches to the arteries that feed our brain and arms, the aorta descends from the chest cavity to our abdomen. Here it divides into two main arteries that feed our right and left legs. These vessels divide into arteries that feed the organs and muscles, and their diameters gradually decrease. Capillary arteries are the thinnest vessels in the extreme parts of our body and ensure oxygenation of the cells.
Carbon dioxide and waste products released by the cells are transferred to larger veins through capillary veins. The veins coming from the brain and arms combine to form the upper main vein, the veins from other parts of our body combine to form the lower main vein, and the dirty blood comes to the right atrium. The subsequent flow of blood is as described in the working of the heart section above.
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