Palpitation is a condition in which the person feels heart beats in a way that causes discomfort. Heartbeats may be fast, strong, irregular, or stuttering. The feeling of palpitations can be instantaneous, long or short-term. Not every palpitation is a sign of disease. If we get sad, excited or angry, we may feel palpitations. We can feel our heartbeats more when we lie down; This is normal.
The feeling of palpitation may be important in people with hypertension, those who have had a heart attack, those with cardiovascular disease and chronic lung disease, and medical investigation is required.
Those who complain of palpitations can sometimes be diagnosed with "arrhythmia".
br /> Arrhythmia is the general name for rhythm disorders seen in the heart. There are many different types of arrhythmias; Most of these are unimportant, but some arrhythmias may be of vital importance.
Arrhythmias may be permanent or transient. Arrhythmias can last as little as a few seconds or last for hours or days. Some arrhythmias are chronic; It can continue throughout life.
There are many different types of arrhythmia, depending on the way the electrical stimulus occurs, its ability to spread to the heart tissue, and heart rate. Their distinction can mainly be made by electrocardiography (ECG). ECG recording is made with an electrocardiography device and is an examination that shows the electrical activity of the heart.
HOW DOES OUR HEART CREATE THE RHYTHM?
Our heart pumps blood to our body by contracting and relaxing in order to deliver the nutrients and oxygen necessary for life to our organs. In order for all the muscles in our body to contract and relax, muscle cells must be stimulated electrically every time. The heart also has a special electrical activity to allow it to contract and relax rhythmically as a pump. This electrical stimulus is created by a special cell group called the "sinus node" in the right atrium and spreads to the entire heart muscle through special conduction cells. The rate and pattern of heart contractions are normally under the control of the sinus node. The average heart rate at rest in healthy people is between 50 - 100 / min.
Arrhythmias develop as a result of an unusual electrical stimulus occurring anywhere in the heart or when the normal electrical stimulus cannot be transmitted to the heart properly. In this situation Our heart can sometimes work faster than necessary and sometimes slower than necessary.
COMMON RHYTHM DISORDERS
Extrasystole: It can be defined as our heart contracting one or a few extra beats suddenly and for a very short time. It is possible to feel this state mostly as a "stutter in the heart", "a feeling of fluttering like a bird's wing", "one or several strong heartbeats" or "a pause in the heart followed by a strong beat". Extrasystole is a condition that can be seen frequently in healthy people. Excitement, stress, excessive caffeinated food consumption, smoking, etc. Substances increase the frequency of extrasystoles. The presence of extrasystole in people who do not have heart disease or heart disease risk factors generally does not require significant investigation.
Bradycardia: It is the state when the heart rate is below a certain number (less than 60 / min). Many healthy people may have heart rates around 60/min, sometimes even slower, and are not a sign of disease. Tachycardia: Heart rate is higher than normal/expected (above 100/min). However, an increase in heart rate is normal in cases of physical or emotional stress (movement, exercise, excitement, etc.). Consuming large amounts of caffeinated beverages can also cause an accelerated heart rate. In some tachycardias, the electrical impulse develops in other areas of the heart outside the sinus node. Such rhythms are generally unrelated to the needs of our body, and the heart often starts to work at a high speed.
Block: The situation when the electrical impulse encounters obstacles while spreading within the heart and the heart muscle cannot be stimulated in the required way or number is generally called "block". There are many different types of blocks; The vast majority of these are revealed only during an ECG examination and generally do not require intervention. The type of block in which the electrical relationship between the atria and ventricles is reduced or interrupted is important.
Atrial fibrillation: It is an important type of arrhythmia originating from the atria. Random impulses occur in the tissues of the atria 400-600 times per minute. The sinus node is disabled. With so much and chaotic stimulation, the atria cannot contract effectively. On the other hand, the atrioventricular node can transmit these chaotic signals irregularly and partially to the ventricles. Heart and pulse rate The bee is completely irregular, it can be fast or slow. This rhythm disorder sometimes occurs in the form of attacks that occur and improve from time to time; Sometimes it can continue permanently throughout life. Atrial fibrillation is usually seen in people with high blood pressure, heart or chronic lung disease. Additionally, the frequency and risk of atrial fibrillation increases with advancing age. The importance of atrial fibrillation is that this arrhythmia increases the risk of stroke due to vascular occlusion. Blood clots form in the atrium, and when these clots enter the circulation, they block the brain vessels and cause stroke. For this reason, patients with atrial fibrillation need to take medication that reduces blood clotting (coumadin) to prevent vascular occlusions due to clotting, and this is of vital importance. However, patients using coumadin should pay attention to some basic points.
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