Hysteroscopy is the examination of the inside of the uterus and the part of the tubes opening into the uterus with the help of an optical camera. The procedure is performed vaginally by entering the uterus through the cervical canal with special tools. Hysteroscopy is an important diagnostic tool in investigating the causes of infertility and recurrent miscarriages, investigating the cause of abnormal menstrual bleeding, and detecting and treating intrauterine pathologies. Hysteroscopy (H/S) is a procedure used to perform diagnostic and even surgical procedures by entering the uterus with a thin tubular lens system. Images are viewed on a monitor. The tubular instrument consisting of a camera or lens system inserted into the uterus is called a hysteroscope.
Hysteroscopy can be performed under local anesthesia in the examination environment, or under general anesthesia or spinal anesthesia in the operating room environment. It is usually performed within 1 week after the end of menstruation, during this period the view of the inside of the uterus is most suitable for hysteroscopy.
In order to open the cervix enough to pass the hysteroscope, it may sometimes be necessary to expand it with long thin rods called bougies. It takes a few hours or usually a day after the hysteroscopy. The patient can then be sent home. There may be a small amount of vaginal bleeding and cramp-like groin pain for a day or two. Many abnormalities detected during diagnostic hysteroscopy can be treated surgically with operative hysteroscopy. In particular, intrauterine polyps (overgrown pieces of flesh), septum (the part that divides the uterus), adhesions (adhesions) and intrauterine (submucous) myomas can be seen and surgically removed.
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