Risk factors based on personal characteristics:
- Gender: Female gender is the most important risk factor. Among breast cancer patients, the incidence rate in men is 1%.
- Age: The frequency is 3.5% in the 60s.
- Breast history in the family. having cancer: Presence of breast cancer in a mother, sister, daughter, or the presence of breast or ovarian cancer in more than one relative in the family.
- Presence of breast cancer in oneself: Presence of breast cancer in the other breast. The probability of getting cancer is high.
- Race: It is higher in Caucasians than others.
- Radiation therapy to the chest area:
- Cellular changes in a breast biopsy
- Exposure to estrogen: Long-term use or exposure may lead to breast cancer.
- Early age at which menstruation begins (before age 12)
- Entering menopause at a late age (after age 55)
- Exposure to environmental estrogen (foods or pesticides such as DDT)
- Not giving birth-not breastfeeding
Risk factors that can be controlled by individuals
- Weight: Obesity, especially after menopause, increases the risk of breast cancer. It is an increasing factor.
- Diet: A low-fat diet protects against breast cancer.
- Exercise: 45 to 60 minutes of exercise every day. reduces the risk of breast cancer.
- Smoking and/or Alcohol consumption
- Exposure to estrogen:
- Combined (estrogen and progesterone) therapy for a few years (for menopause) or estrogen-only use for more than 10 years
- Birth control pill use: Although slightly, it causes an increase in the risk of breast cancer. However, when left for more than 10 years, the risk returns to normal.
- Stress and tension: Although there is no obvious evidence, it impairs the quality of life and reduces the immune system.
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