NUTRITIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS SPECIFIC TO THE PREGNANCY PERIOD

There is an important relationship between the mother's nutrition during pregnancy and the health of the unborn baby. The physical and mental growth and development of the baby in the womb is possible with adequate and balanced nutrition of the mother during pregnancy.

Problems that may occur in the baby due to inadequate and unbalanced nutrition of the mother during pregnancy:

• Premature, premature birth

• Low birth weight babies (those with birth weight below 2500g)

• Births of babies with inadequate physical and mental development

• Dead births

WHAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED DURING PREGNANCY?

In order to prevent iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy, iron-rich foods (red meat, poultry, legumes, dried fruits) should be included in the nutrition program during pregnancy. It is important to include foods such as molasses, whole grains and enriched grain products). Additionally, tea and coffee should not be consumed with meals as they inhibit iron absorption. The presence of fresh fruits, juices, and salads (rich in vitamin C) in meals will increase the use of iron in the body.

Adequate intake of calcium, which forms the bone structure during pregnancy, contributes to the development of the baby's skeletal structure, as well as the mother's. It helps preserve bone mass. Consuming adequate amounts of calcium during pregnancy protects you from the risk of osteoporosis in the later period. The daily calcium requirement of pregnant women is 1000-1300 mg, and the requirement of pregnant adolescents is 1300 mg daily. 240 grams (large glass) of milk or yogurt provides approximately 300 mg of calcium per day. Milk and dairy products, green leafy vegetables and legumes are good sources of calcium.

Adequate folic acid intake during pregnancy is very important for the development of the baby.

Liver, all legumes, cabbage, lettuce, orange, wheat bread, dried herbs (such as basil, thyme), celery, Brussels sprouts, avocado, mango, pomegranate, papaya, kiwi, banana, sunflower seeds, hazelnuts, eggplant, Foods such as walnuts, tahini, okra, pumpkin and kale contain folic acid.

You can relieve your nausea by making small changes in your diet:

• . You should avoid spicy foods and other smells that cause nausea.

• Before getting up in the morning; Consume crackers, plain toast, or dry foods made from grains (breakfast cereals, corn flakes, etc.). In this way, the digestion process can be started and the stomach acid level can be reduced.

• To prevent your stomach from remaining empty; You should consume food little by little and at frequent intervals throughout the day.

• Drink beverages between meals, not with meals. Consume your meals slowly.

• Choose easily digestible carbohydrates such as plain pasta, crackers, potatoes, rice, fruits and vegetables.

• >Limit your consumption of fried foods and other foods with high fat content.

What should be done to avoid constipation problems?

• Consume foods with high fiber content such as vegetables, fruits, whole grain products and legumes. Increase your fiber amount by consuming at least 5 portions of vegetables and fruits a day, whole grain bread, whole grain products and legumes twice a week.

• Increase your daily fluid consumption. You should consume 2-2.5 liters of water a day.

• Dry plums, prune juice and figs can prevent constipation due to their natural laxative effects.

• Regular physical activity ensures normal bowel functions. Walking, swimming and light exercises are the best exercises to do during pregnancy.

Which herbal teas should not be consumed during pregnancy?

• Sage, senna, basil, flaxseed raspberry tea,

• rosemary, lavender, blueberry, St. John's wort, lemon balm leaf,

• Valerian, lemon balm, aloe vera and dandelion should not be used during pregnancy.

GESTATIONAL DIABETES

Gestational diabetes (GDM) is any degree of glucose tolerance disorder that first occurs during pregnancy. After birth, blood sugar usually drops to normal levels. Risk factors for gestational diabetes:

• In previous pregnancy presence of gestational diabetes

• Impaired glucose tolerance before pregnancy

• Family history of Type 2 Diabetes

• Excessive weight gain in previous pregnancy (>20 kg)

• Obesity (BKI>25)

WHAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED IN THE PRESENCE OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES?

THINGS SHOULD NOT BE CONSUMED IN DIABETES

• ALL DESSERTS (CAKE, CAKE, ETC.)

• PAVERY

• FRIED AND ROASTED STUFF

• Candy AND CONFECTIONS

• WHITE BREAD

• JAM AND SYRUPS

• READY PRODUCTS WITH UNKNOWN CONTENT

• CHOCOLATES, COOKIES

• PROCESSED MEAT PRODUCTS WITH HIGH FAT CONTENT (SALAMI, SAUSAGE, SUJUK, BACON, ETC.)

• FAST FOOD (HAMBURGER, PIZZA ETC.) AND SNACK FOODS

• ALL PROCESSED PACKAGED PRODUCTS

• BANANA WITH HIGH GLYCEMIC INDEX FRUITS SUCH AS GRAPES, DRIED GRAPES AND FIGS SHOULD BE CONSUMED IN LIMITED QUANTITIES.

• READY FRUIT JUICES SHOULD NOT BE CONSUMED.

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