Colposcopy is an examination performed with a kind of microscope that allows investigating cancer and cancer risk based on some possible cell changes and suspicions in the cervix. With this magnifying glass-like device with a self-light source, called colposcope, a much larger, understandable, clear and detailed examination of all external areas of the cervix, which cannot be seen clearly with the naked eye during normal gynecological examination, is performed. In women whose smear test results are abnormal, the cervix can be better evaluated and a biopsy can be taken from the areas deemed necessary as a result of this evaluation, allowing a definitive diagnosis of cell changes in the cervix to be made.
Colposcopy examination is not a painful procedure. Therefore, there is no need for anesthesia. The patient's position is as if they were going to be examined in the same way. First, all external genital organs are examined in detail with the naked eye using the light of the colposcope. After the speculum is inserted into the vagina, the vagina and cervix are examined at low magnification for discharge, ulcers and HPV infection. After imaging the cervix, pap smear is repeated if necessary. The cervix is examined starting with the lowest magnification and increasing magnifications. If there are suspicious areas, a biopsy should be taken, especially without skipping the heaviest area. The number of biopsies may vary depending on the size of the lesion.
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