External sexual area (Vulva) cancer;
They are usually symptomless. The most common complaint is itching. Unfortunately, since itching is often tried to be treated with simple ointments, diagnosis and therefore treatment is delayed. It often begins with a color change or painless swelling that does not seem to be significant. Usually, raised, white, gray, red or brown colored formations are seen. Before cancer, there are initial stages called VIN. Vulva cancer, that is, external genital organ cancer, ranks 4th among female genital cancers, after cervical cancer, uterine lining cancer and ovarian cancer. It is generally thought to be caused by Human Papilloma Virus. Human papilloma virus is a type of virus that causes cancer in the cervix and also causes warts in the external genital area. In general, HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) type 16, 18, 31,33 and 51 strains are frequently encountered as cancer causative agents. It is accepted that chronic itching, moist skin of the external genital area, synthetic underwear and dyes and detergents used in laundry, deodorant applied to the area, local hygiene disorder, and some diseases of the external genital area (syphilis) play a role. It is accepted that diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and high blood pressure are diseases seen at the age when cancer occurs, rather than causing cancer in the external sexual area.
Cancers of the vagina;
Vagina (birthway) 8-10 cm. It is an organ with a long and muscular structure. Cancers of the vagina may arise directly from the vagina or may have spread (metastatic) to the vagina from other organs. . Metastatic cancers, that is, cancers that spread from other organs to the vagina, are more common than cancers of the vagina. For this reason, in order to say that a cancer seen in the vagina belongs to the vagina, other organs that may be a source of metastasis must be investigated.
Cervical Cancers
Pre-cancerous conditions of the cervix;
< br /> The widespread use of vaginal smear, HPV screening and colposcopy in the investigation of cervical cancers has increased the risk of cancer leading to cervical cancer. It has provided significant convenience in the diagnosis of the precursor stages and enables the diagnosis of this difficult and common disease in its early stages.
Cervical cancer:
Unfortunately, it is a type of cancer that can happen to women who do not pay attention to smear and HPV screenings, which are now common and easily accessible. It should not be confused with uterine cancer because these are tumors with completely different characteristics. Cervical cancer is almost entirely caused by the HPV virus. Mild waist-groin pain and brown or pinkish discharge are the first complaints. Diagnosis is made by biopsy. What is the diagnosis? The earlier it is diagnosed, the smaller the treatment (surgery) to be performed and the higher its success.
For treatment, in cases of early diagnosis, simply removing the cervix (conization) may be sufficient. This is especially important as it preserves fertility in young women. Apart from this, simple uterine surgery (simple hysterectomy) or extended uterine surgery (radical hysterectomy) may be required.
In advanced cases where the chance of surgery is lost, treatment is applied with a combination of radiation (radiotherapy) and medication (chemotherapy).
Uterine Cancer;
Uterine cancer is the most common female genital cancer all over the world and in our country. Usually the first and most important clinical symptom is abnormal bleeding. . Bleeding seen in the post-menopausal period is especially important and should be investigated. Bleeding may also manifest itself as a brown discharge.
Uterine cancer is a type of cancer where the most satisfactory results are obtained with appropriate surgery if diagnosed early. However, in advanced cases Even life expectancy and quality can be greatly increased.
Ovarian cancer
It is the most feared cancer among female genital cancers. Because the disease is usually diagnosed when it reaches advanced stages. A method to be used in the screening of ovarian cancer has not yet been found. The most common complaints are abdominal swelling and groin and waist pain. In other words, women with such complaints should apply for a routine examination without wasting time. Suggesting is the most useful method for now. Unfortunately, ovarian cancer continues to be a huge problem as women in our country mostly dismiss such complaints as "normal" and "it will definitely pass". Ovarian cancer is more common in women who are unmarried, have not given birth, or have not been pregnant. In these groups, early diagnosis is especially important because in case of early diagnosis, the person's fertility can be preserved.
In addition, ovarian cancer occurs in those who have breast cancer, bowel cancer, and uterine cancer in their families. The risk of occurrence increases. It is important for such individuals to be especially careful. The treatment is appropriate, that is, complete surgery and the use of chemotherapy together.
Tubal cancers;
It constitutes 3 per thousand of all female genital cancers. They generally behave like ovarian cancer. The most common finding is bloody discharge and bleeding. Again. It may also manifest itself with abdominal swelling and groin and waist pain. Intermittent and spasmodic pain is typical for tube cancers. The most common finding on examination is the detection of a mass. The treatment is a combination of complete surgery and chemotherapy.
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