What is knee arthritis? How is it treated?
The knee joint is one of the joints of the body that carries a lot of weight. The knee joint is a closed space formed by the union of certain parts of 3 bones (femur, tibia, patella). There are structures in this space that both enable the knee joint to move stably and ensure equal distribution of the load on the joint. This joint cannot function over time and the cartilage structures in the knee joint wear out over time. This condition is called 'knee calcification'.
Knee calcification; Advanced age, familial predisposition, excess weight, overload, falls, previous accidents and repeated surgical operations may be the cause. If calcification is at mild levels, some non-surgical methods are used. However, if it has reached an advanced level, if the cartilages are completely destroyed, and if the patient's life comfort has seriously decreased, knee replacement surgery is required.
What is robotic surgery?
It is called robotic surgery. The more understandable expression of the system is "computer-assisted surgery". Computer-assisted surgeries can be divided into two groups:
First, there is a robotic arm between the surgeon and the patient, these are called "active robotic systems". The most well-known of these systems and the one used in intra-abdominal surgeries is the "Da Vinci robot". While the arms are attached to the patient through holes, the surgeon controls the arms remotely. The type used in knee surgeries is the system known as Makoplasty, in which the surgeon performs the bone shaping process by holding the robotic arm.
The second type is “passive robotic systems” and there is no robotic arm in between. There are reflective balls on the instruments used during surgery. When these tools are placed on the bone, how much bone will be cut and at what angle the cut will be made are transferred to the computer via cameras. Before making the cut, the surgeon continues the process by checking the accuracy of the operation both with his personal experience and on the computer screen and seeing that he will make the right cut. An example of this system is the "navigated robotic surgery" system that we also use. To better explain this method, the operation of navigation systems in mobile phones can be given as an example. It is already detected on your phone in navigation. You mark your destination on the marked map. Your mobile phone, that is, your movements on the road, are tracked via satellites. You can monitor whether you are on the right track or not on the screen. If you stray from the path, you can see it on the screen and correct your path. The robotic navigation system works on similar principles and monitors the surgeon's movements.
In robotic surgery, does the robot perform the surgery?
One of the most curious issues in robotic surgery is whether the surgery is performed by the device or the surgeon. is what he did. Whichever robotic surgery you have, all control is in the hands of the surgeon and the surgeon performs the surgery. The most important role of the system is to prevent the surgeon from making mistakes. In other words, the surgeon performs the surgery, and the robot prevents the surgeon from making mistakes.
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