We can think of anxiety disorder as an umbrella, under which there are many conditions related to this disorder. One of these is panic attack syndrome. For example; During a panic attack, you may feel intense anxiety and may also sweat, have chest pain, or feel palpitations (such as unusually strong or irregular heartbeats). Sometimes you may feel like you are drowning or having a heart attack. Another anxiety issue that falls under this umbrella; Social anxiety disorder. The condition, also called social phobia, is a condition in which you feel great anxiety about daily social situations, that others are judging you, that you feel embarrassed in social situations, or that you may see yourself as a laughing stock. Another situation is phobias. You feel an intense fear of a particular object or situation, such as heights or flying. Fear goes beyond what is appropriate and may cause you to avoid normal situations. Another condition is Generalized anxiety disorder. Feeling unreasonable, excessive, unrealistic anxiety and tension and avoiding anxiety-provoking situations.
What is depression?
Depression is simply a chronic depressed mood that lasts for a certain period of time (at least 2 weeks), It is apathy and inability to enjoy. Other common symptoms are lack of energy, fatigue, sleep problems, anxiety, significant change in appetite, thoughts of worthlessness, guilt, indecisiveness, restlessness, agitation, hopelessness, suicidal thoughts or behavior, sudden social change, job loss or stressful work life, social exclusion. and unhealthy living habits. These symptoms should not be due to any physical health problem that resembles symptoms of depression. (Triod, Anemia, Etc.) At the same time, these symptoms can be seen in the post-bereavement period and should not be confused.
Depressed people think differently than non-depressed people. For example; People with depression tend to see themselves, their environment and the future negatively and pessimistically. As a result, depressed people tend to misunderstand facts in a negative way and blame themselves for the misfortunes that occur. This negative way of thinking and judging functions as a negative bias; makes it easier for depressed people to see situations as worse than they actually are r and increases the risk of such people developing depressive symptoms in response to stressful situations
According to Aoran Beck, depressed individuals have negative thoughts created by dysfunctional beliefs. There is a relationship between the increase of negative thoughts and depression. An increase in negative thoughts also leads to an increase in depressive symptoms.
Beck also suggests that there are three main dysfunctional belief themes (or "schemas") in the thoughts of depressed people: 1) I am flawed or inadequate, 2) All my experiences are defeatist or inadequate. It ends in failure, and 3) The future is hopeless. These three themes are defined as the Negative Cognitive trilogy. When these beliefs are present in one's cognition, depression is very likely to occur.
For example, you have been laid off, you see yourself as unsuccessful, inadequate, and dysfunctional, and you do not believe you will ever find a job again. However, there may be other reasons for your dismissal: economic problems, maybe the employer is downsizing, and maybe there is no other choice. But with these three main dysfunctional schemas, it is very difficult to see alternative thoughts. You will probably conclude that your dismissal was due to a personal failure and that your situation is hopeless. Depressed people will tend to show selective attention to information that agrees with their negative expectations and selective inattention to information that contradicts these expectations. They tend to exaggerate the importance and meaning of negative events and minimize the importance and meaning of positive events. All of these unconscious maneuvers help maintain a depressed person's core negative schemas in the face of conflicting evidence, leaving them feeling hopeless about the future even when the evidence suggests it will get better.
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