Despite taking protective measures, if there are symptoms suggesting stenosis in the coronary vessels feeding the heart, or if a defect is detected in the pre-tests (exercise test, thallium test, etc.), cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography are performed to determine the location and degree of this stenosis.
How is coronary angiography and cardiac catheterization performed?
After the patient signs the consent document stating that he/she approves the procedure, he is taken to the catheter laboratory by giving sedative medication. The groin or arm area is anesthetized and a cannula is inserted into the vein in this area. With a thin, plastic-like material catheter, first the heart cavities are reached, the pressure is recorded, and the films are taken by administering contrast material. The coronary arteries are then visualized and film recordings are taken. This process takes about 15-30 minutes.
What can be done if there is critical stenosis in the coronary vessels feeding the heart?
In case of critical stenosis in the coronary vessels feeding the heart, the treatment options are balloon angioplasty-stent or By-pass surgery may be possible. Both treatment methods are applied safely today.
How many years have coronary angiography and cardiac catheterization been performed?
Cardiac catheterization has been a diagnostic method applied to humans since the 1930s, and since 1953 started to be used widely. Today, inguinal vein (femoral artery) and rarely arm veins are used. Cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography are diagnostic methods, not treatments. It is based on imaging the heart chambers and coronary arteries during contrast agent administration, as well as measuring the pressures in the heart chambers and related vessels.
The first hours after coronary angiography and cardiac catheterization
cannula is removed, 15-20 min. pressure is applied to this area for a period of time. After it is seen that the bleeding has stopped, it is closed with a tight bandage. In addition, 3-4 kg on the bandage. A heavy sandbag is placed for approximately 6 hours. This bag is then removed, replacing the previous bandage with a small bandage.
After the catheterization, 1.5-2 lt is given to the patient within 4 hours. water is drunk. Intermittent inguinal area, urine volume and electrocardiogram (ECG) control makes. During this period, the patient should keep the relevant arm or leg as still as possible.
Is it necessary to stay in the hospital after coronary angiography and cardiac catheterization?
After Coronary Angiography and Cardiac Catheterization, the patient should be kept in a total of 6- It is monitored for 8 hours under control. EKG is taken and after the doctor's control, he is stood up and walking is ensured. After it is seen that there is no problem at this stage, he is sent home.
However, if serious coronary or heart disease or a finding that prevents the patient from being discharged is detected during catheterization-angiography, the patient and his relatives are informed and this practice can be changed.
What is the advantage of vascular access closure devices after coronary angiography and cardiac catheterization?
In the last few years, vascular access closure devices have been developed and successfully applied in order to enable patients to stand up earlier after coronary angiography and cardiac catheterization. With vascular access closure devices, the vascular access site is closed with the help of sutures, collagen plugs or clips. Thus, there is no need to apply pressure and sandbag after the procedure, and the time to stand up is shortened.
Is coronary angiography and cardiac catheterization a risky procedure?
Although it is very rare during or after cardiac catheterization Problems may be encountered in the area where the cannula is placed in the heart, groin or arm. The incidence of this event is about 0.22% to 2.0%.
The rate of complications after coronary angiography, balloon angioplasty and stent procedures in my cardiology center is around 1.2 on average. angioneurotic edema, anaphylaxis) and impaired renal function, although rare, may develop. For this reason, it is important to notify the susceptibility to allergic reactions and known kidney disease beforehand, in order to take the necessary precautions.
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