Burnout manifests itself with some emotional, behavioral and physical symptoms. An individual experiencing burnout cannot devote himself to his work, begins to have problems with the people around him, his productivity decreases, and he begins to not enjoy anything he does. He feels tired, exhausted, exhausted and weak.
Burnout has a lot of impact on the employee, but it does not have the same effects on every employee, and the severity of the impact can depend on different variables and affects not only the individual's business life but also his family and social life. It can also shake you deeply. For this reason, the individual experiencing burnout in business life should be given due importance, especially by his family and close circle, solutions should be produced before it is too late, and the support of experts should be provided.
The working environment and the relationships established in the workplace can put pressure on employees and cause stress. . Burnout may occur in individuals who are under stress and unsupported for a long time in business life. Burnout is defined as a condition that results from working for a long time in environments with intense emotional demands, accompanied by symptoms such as physical wear and tear and the resulting negative attitudes towards employees and life in the workplace. Burnout is a very common condition. 80% of working individuals may face burnout at some point in their working lives. It is seen that it frequently causes emotional problems such as quick anger, anxiety, decrease in self-esteem, excessive sensitivity to criticism and irritability.
The dimensions of burnout are explained in the 3 headings below.
Emotional. Burnout is defined as being overloaded by the person's work and feeling of being exhausted and feeling depleted emotional resources and lack of energy. This dimension is stated in the sources as the most critical and decisive dimension of burnout. Emotional exhaustion is the internal dimension of the concept of burnout.
Depersonalization. Exhausted It expresses the interpersonal dimension of the concept of identity. Individuals who become desensitized are careful not to try to communicate too much with their colleagues, exhibit rude actions and attitudes, and develop careless attitudes. In a sense, this situation is a defense strategy that individuals apply to protect themselves from exhaustion, disappointment, and to consciously distance themselves from the psychological tension they experience.
Low sense of personal accomplishment. It represents the personal development dimension of burnout. It refers to the employee's perception of himself as unsuccessful and inadequate in his job. In this case, the person who sees himself as a failure begins to be unable to do the work that he could achieve or realize and begins to passively avoid professional behavior. In this dimension of burnout, people experience a significant decrease in their feelings of success and competence due to the people they encounter at work.
The feeling of guilt, the feeling of being unloved, and failure can reduce self-esteem and lead the person to depression.
Causes of Burnout
Differences in the current conditions, working environment, and the person's physical and psychological state can be considered as the causes of burnout. In general, there are two main groups of reasons that lead to burnout. The first of these is environmental reasons. Nature of the job worked, working hours, characteristics of the workplace, segment served, workload, job tension, low support from colleagues, lack of opportunities for advancement in the future, lack of organizational support, role ambiguities, lack of a reward system, managerial pressure, insufficient wages, management Lack of appreciation, lack of or insufficient participation in decisions, inability to fully meet the needs of employees, communication in the work environment, lack of equipment, family, economic and social factors.
The second is individual reasons. Although it is accepted that all people have the possibility of experiencing burnout, it is accepted that individuals with certain characteristics carry this risk more than others. Population characteristics such as age, marriage, having children and number of children are the same for everyone. While it is counted among the natural causes that can lead to selflessness; Characteristics such as excessive dependence on work, personal expectations, motivation, performance, and professional satisfaction are among the individual reasons that cause burnout.
Stages of Burnout
The concept of burnout is explained in four stages. However, exhaustion is not a discrete and sharp process in which the individual moves from one stage to the next. Burnout is a continuous phenomenon.
Burnout occurs in four stages. The first of these is the phase of enthusiasm and enthusiasm. The person's motivation and enthusiasm are high at this stage. In the other phase, stagnation, the individual who cannot meet his expectations begins to stagnate. The third stage is the frustration stage and the individual feels blocked and stuck. The last stage is that the exhausted individual, who can no longer cope, begins to ignore his experiences and those around him, and this is the indifference stage.
Symptoms of Burnout
Physical symptoms. Burnout manifests itself physically primarily as mild symptoms. These symptoms; They are listed as fatigue and feeling of exhaustion, headache, drowsiness, and insomnia. If no precautions are taken, in the ongoing process; Persistent colds, decreased resistance to infections, weight loss or obesity, breathing difficulties, general aches and pains, gastrointestinal disorders, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, muscle tension, heart palpitations and skin diseases may begin to occur.
Psychological symptoms. It is less obvious than other symptoms that may be seen in individuals experiencing burnout. These symptoms; feeling of frustration and irritability, openness to psychological breakdown, feeling of restlessness and uneasiness with unknown reasons, impatience, decrease in self-confidence, feeling of hostility towards the environment, weakness, decrease in energy, despair about work, criticizing other people, apathy, increase in family problems, dissatisfaction, These can be listed as developing negative attitudes and behaviors towards life, decrease in positive emotions such as kindness, respect and friendship, uncertainty and complexity in thoughts, unfounded suspicions and paranoia, depression, feeling of guilt and helplessness.
behavioral symptoms. These are symptoms of burnout that can be more easily observed by other people than physical and psychological symptoms. These symptoms include forgetfulness, family conflicts, poor concentration, sudden anger, nervous outbursts, frequent crying spells, desire for loneliness, resentment and feeling unappreciated, slowing down work, tendencies to steal, disengagement from work, ever-increasing dissatisfaction with one's job, deterioration in the quality of service, Incorrect interventions to the people served and increase in the complaints of the people served, forgery of documents, low job performance, being sarcastic and accusatory towards the people they work with, job dissatisfaction, tendency to receive a new vocational training, coming to work late or not going to work, decrease in organizational commitment, illness-related reasons. Burnout syndrome is not a situation that occurs suddenly, on the contrary, it is a collection of symptoms that develop slowly and insidiously. Ignoring the symptoms of burnout causes it to progress and become intolerable. For this reason, it is very important to know the symptoms of burnout well and to diagnose it in time and take the necessary precautions.
Ways to Cope with Burnout
An individual's failure to understand that he or she is in burnout may cause the situation to progress and the severity of the problem to increase. There are ways to cope individually and organizationally. If the individual suffering from burnout realizes this situation early or is noticed by those around him, the solution will be easier. Necessary support should be provided in the work environment. The individual should make time for himself; He should engage in activities where he can have fun and distract himself. In this way, the effect of burnout will be reduced or eliminated.
Burnout syndrome is not a situation that occurs suddenly, on the contrary, it is a collection of symptoms that develop slowly and insidiously. Ignoring the symptoms of burnout causes it to progress and become intolerable. For this reason, the symptoms of burnout must be well known and diagnosed in time. It is very important to take the necessary precautions.
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