Early intervention is very important in a heart attack that begins with sudden pain and tightness in your chest. Early intervention can both reduce the risk of life and prevent the heart muscle from being damaged.
Positive changes in factors that can lead to heart diseases, such as diabetes, excess weight, malnutrition and inactivity, can delay the emergence of the disease.
When the plaques in the heart vessel suddenly rupture and a clot settles on it, the heart vessel may suddenly become blocked, resulting in the heart muscle being deprived of oxygen. Heart muscle cells left without oxygen begin to die after a while. This process is called heart attack = myocardial infarction.
What is a heart attack? What are the first measures in a crisis?
The heart needs enough oxygen to function. As a result of clot formation and blockage in the coronary vessels, which are severely narrowed as a result of arteriosclerosis, not enough oxygen can reach the heart area fed by that vessel, and the heart muscle in this region begins to die within 20 minutes. This situation is called heart attack ( myokarinfaktus ).
The most important point in a heart attack that occurs due to sudden cardiovascular blockage is that as soon as symptoms such as chest pain appear, the person must be taken to a fully equipped hospital. to apply and receive health care. Half of all deaths occur within the first hour after a heart attack begins. For this reason, it is very important to consult a health institution that can treat a heart attack as soon as possible. The sooner treatment is started, the sooner treatment methods can be applied to open the blocked artery and damage to the heart can be prevented. What is important when intervening in a hospital is to make a rapid diagnosis and to perform the intervention appropriately.
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If you do not have health experience, do not intervene in someone who is having a heart attack, do not give your own heart medications or to other patients.
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Immediately call for ambulance help and transport the patient to the nearest fully equipped hospital.
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Meanwhile, lay the person having a heart attack in a suitable place
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By elevating your feet above heart level, more blood flow to the heart Try to ensure that the is to take you to a hospital where it can be done on-site and appropriately.
The first hours are golden
Experience has shown that No one attributes heart disease to themselves and they interpret the complaints into other things. Thus, patients who do not see a doctor and have a heart attack take a great risk of death. Patients who survive this period spend the golden first hours of treatment without treatment and are exposed to serious permanent heart damage that cannot be treated and will suffer for a lifetime.
The first test to be performed in a person with a suspected heart attack is briefly It is an electrocardiogram called ECG
If there are no diagnostic changes in the ECG, a blood test is necessary to determine whether there is a heart attack. To answer the question "Is there cell death in the heart?", it is necessary to determine the level of some special substances in the blood. The increase in blood level does not occur immediately after the crisis begins, but usually begins to increase after 4 hours. For this reason, even if the first blood test is normal, physicians want to keep the patient in the emergency clinic and repeat the blood test after 6 and 12 hours.
CK-MB or troponin elevation is evidence that the heart cell has died, but it does not show why the cells died. Most often, the cause of cell death in the heart is due to vascular occlusion. But in rare cases, other reasons may also cause these substances to increase in the blood.
Patients who are definitely diagnosed as having a heart attack should be taken to the coronary intensive care unit and their treatments should be continued in this special area.
The importance of Coronary Intensive Care Units
Patients who have a heart attack must be followed and treated in coronary care units. Here, the patient's blood pressure, heartbeat and ECG are constantly monitored, and any slightest deterioration that may occur can be treated immediately. Fatal rhythm disorders, which are the biggest cause of death in this period, can be easily treated with a shock device. Temporary in case of insufficient heartbeat or cardiac arrest The patient can be restored to health by inserting a pacemaker. Heart damage can be reduced with modern treatments performed in this unit. Heart damage can be minimized by opening the vessel blocked by a blood clot early with thrombolytic therapy (clot-dissolving treatment) in the first hours. Therefore, the time between the onset of the patient's complaint and admission to the coronary care unit is very important. The sooner the patient arrives, the sooner the blocked heart vessel is opened and the less permanent damage to the heart occurs. Heart damage is at its highest level in patients arriving after 6 hours.
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