It is just as important as prevention programs and works with couples who are facing difficulties in their marriage or relationship and come to
for help.
The good thing is, there is clear evidence that couples therapy works. Moreover, during his research
Gottman discovered that psycho-educational approaches can be combined with marital therapy
to make a marriage stronger. , tends to turn bad after a while. At this point, Monarch found that half of the couples who participated in these therapies returned to their previous levels of conflict at the end of these
procedures. This therapy focus creates a more challenging situation for highly anxious relationship partners than typical preventative work. Still
such work is important.
There are many reasons why couples go to therapy. These include lack of communication, financial difficulties, disagreements over priorities
and one of the most serious is infidelity. Approaches to working with married or unmarried couples
are also very diverse. They all focus on marital quality – how that relationship works and how they are affected by it, how they feel about it. While it may seem easy to evaluate couple relationships, there are at least 2 complicating factors why it does so. One of them is, "Feelings expressed about marriage are very much affected by instant events and these feelings can change in a short time.
In addition, individuals in anxious relationships do not describe themselves as "anxious" at times."
There is a lot of couple and marriage counseling that could be used in treatment
if anxiety levels could be measured. All these approaches require experts to cooperate with couples and evaluate their
problems. Additionally, the therapist should aim to reduce negative response (e.g., resolving interpersonal
relationships) and develop positive interactions (e.g., increasing intimacy).
Management of the treatment process, including resistance, defiance, and dealing with ethical issues should also be handled
well. Have a successful ending
All of this is not easy and requires treatment professionals to adapt to the method and skills in the therapy process. The most common and empirically valid treatment models (when working with couples within and
outside of marriage) are behavioral couple therapy (BCT), cognitive-behavioral couple therapy (CBCT), and
emotionally focused therapy.
Behavioral Couple Therapy
Behavioral Couple Terms (BCT) is based on the "modification-enhancement model of adult intimacy and focuses on
problem solving and communication skills". BCT develops by focusing on behavioral change with an approach that combines “behavioral change with communication skills and
problem solving”. Preparatory efforts in behavioral couple
therapy were initiated by Robert Liberman and Richard Stuart. Liberman tried his
approach to couples in the language of behavioral analysis and to describe specific behavioral goals to couples. Their initial efforts are based on Operant Conditioning. It includes techniques such as positive motivation, shaping and modeling. He and his colleagues then devised a more complex approach that incorporated
deficits from social learning theory. It helped couples to realize, increase their positive interactions
and eliminate negative interactions. This approach focused on teaching problem-solving, communication skills, and how to make conditional agreements to negotiate ongoing problem solutions. One of the most creative of Stuart
techniques, which aims to increase happiness in marriages, is caring days. In this procedure, one or both
of the married couple behaves as if they are interested in their spouses, regardless of the actions of the other. This technique, which is the heart of the Stuart approach
, encompasses the idea of positive risk, a one-sided action that is not based on the success of the other.
Stuart explains his behavioral theory and aspects of couple therapy as outlined by the “Caring Days” agreement.
It is very detailed.
From start to finish, behavioral couple therapy typically includes 4 components:
1) Behavioral Analysis of the Couple's Marital Relationship: This analysis includes interviewing, administering a self-report questionnaire. and
is based on behavioral observation.
2) The formation of positive reciprocity, which is valued behavior and reward exchange between couples. This type of action occurs with techniques such as "caring days" and conditional agreement.
3) Communication Skills Training: At this stage, couples use "I" sentences to express their feelings, how
They are taught to use it. At the same time, people let go of the past and focus on the here and now. Moreover
Instead of labeling certain behaviors of their spouses, they begin to describe them as "lazy, icy, cold". Finally, in communication skills training, couples are taught how to give feedback.
4) Problem Solving Training: This element of behavioral couple therapy helps couples determine what they want, negotiate and agree on it. It helps with gaining problem-solving skills.
BCT is one of the most well-researched methods of working with couples. It has been observed that couples who receive this type of therapy do better than those who do not receive therapy. Behavioral Marriage Therapy shows the way
and method to negotiate in disagreements. This also helps couples reach some agreements and have a loving life
. Behavioral couples therapy has been observed to be more beneficial than individual therapies
when working with alcoholics. This type of therapy has been shown to reduce domestic violence and the emotional problems of the children of these couples. It has been observed that behavioral couple therapy from start to finish is effective in the treatment of "marriage anxiety", where married couples have difficulty accepting each other's differences and experience problem solving and communication difficulties when working together becomes difficult. This therapy
has been used not only in the USA but also in many countries. Behavioral Couples therapy is a very skill-based
approach and is precise and precise in doing so. For example, BCT therapists aim to provide positive social relationship development behaviors (greeting, calling the partner by name, feedback skills).
Compared to other approaches, behavioral couples therapy is more linear than systematic.
Other three It examines cause and effect more than most couples therapies and also aims to change previous behaviors. Thus, when the cause changes, the result also changes.
Cognitive Behavioral Couple Therapy
The cognitive behavioral approach focuses on family interaction patterns; It is thought that the emotions and
behaviors of family relationships mutually influence each other. It can stimulate a cognitive interest, feelings and behavior
; Emotion and behavior can sometimes affect cognition in a reciprocal
process that serves to maintain the dysfunction of the family unit. Cognitive therapy, as Beck stated, focuses on the schema, in other words, on basic
beliefs. An important feature of the therapeutic process is the restructuring of false beliefs (or schema), which has a significant impact on changing dysfunctional behaviors. Some
cognitive behavioral therapists place great emphasis on examining family schema as well as cognitive impairments among individual family members
The family origins that shape the schema of both current families and families in general incoming experiences and emotions. These schemas have a great impact on how the individual thinks, feels and behaves within the family system. It emerged from behavioral approaches, first as an additional element and later as a broader
system of mediation. Cognitive behavioral theories are empirically supported. It is quite effective and short-term. However, because Cognitive Behavioral couple therapy is linear
it is less famous due to the popularity of counselors who advocate other
marriage and family therapies.
In this approach, Ellis used an ABC procedure. A was event, B was thought, C was emotion. In addition to the ABC diagram that emotions
derive from thought, Ellis stated that individuals and couples have four options, considering what they
think. They can think and thus feel positively or negatively, neutrally or opposingly.
To summarize the study of forms of cognition with anxious couple symptoms, there are 5 bases.
They occur in couple interactions. selective perception of incoming events
Negative Distorted relationships about the causes of positive or negative relationship events
Incorrect predictions or expectations about what may occur in the relationship
Inappropriate or inaccurate predictions or general judgments about people's characters and intimate relationships
Relationships that hold individuals members' extreme or unrealistic standards
Cognitive distribution: Thinking about things other than negative aspects). The other is self-control strategies such as logical coping statements. A well-known self-control strategy is known as “Fall prevention”
. This cognitive-behavioral approach “enables clients to prevent deterioration through self-control strategies” and is applied in areas such as abuse, anger and family therapies.
At the same time, as mentioned before, reading books, crafts ( Psycho-educational activities such as participating in workshops and listening to or watching audiovisual materials are used. In psycho-educational methods, individuals learn to be aware of the benefits and harms of their perceptions and thoughts about their relationships. This
strategy contributes to reducing the divorce rate among participants. It can provide significant effects
in other families as well.
EMOTIONALLY FOCUSED THERAPY (EFT)
Emotionally focused therapy is a systematic approach
based on a similar combination of experimental psychotherapy and structural family therapy. . This therapy focuses on “mental processes” (how do partners maintain their emotional processes) and “social processes”. This theory is considered by many to be "a model for understanding the most basic characteristics of an adult, the individual-love relationship... Emotional availability, compatibility".
EFT, couple therapy tries to contribute to the development of more reliable attachment types in couples by viewing emotions as "a positive force for change" rather than "something that must be overcome and replaced by logic".
To increase attachment, interventions, stimulation with experimental and structural techniques,
complementary structural techniques that are modified to fit into the experimental framework of therapy are used.
As in Rogerian theory, the emotional room
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