The most common problems that women encounter after the decision to become a mother are uterine-related conditions. Adhesions in the uterus, growths in the uterine muscle layer (myoma), tumors (polyps) or curtain formation in the uterus are problems we frequently encounter. We need to mention the application of hysteroscopy as one of the methods developed through developing technology for the diagnosis and treatment of many problems that basically occur in the uterus and affect pregnancy in women.
Hysteroscope is a device that allows examination of the inside of the uterus and the part of the tubes opening into the uterus. It is a special optical device. Hysteroscopy is a method that allows visual examination of the inside of the uterus through an illuminated camera system, and can be performed for diagnostic or surgical purposes.
In order to more clearly understand the connection between pregnancy and hysteroscopy in women, it will be useful to mention what kind of method hysteroscopy is.
What is Hysteroscopy?
Hysteroscopy is a method that allows imaging of the inside of the uterus through an optical camera and thus diagnosis or treatment of possible problems in the uterus. Hysteroscopy, which takes its name from the tubular hysteroscope instrument with an optical camera system that allows entry into the uterus, allows entry into the uterus through the cervix. With the application of hysteroscopy, diagnosis can be made by imaging possible tissue disorders or adhesions in the uterus, and a treatment can be provided in this way.
In Which Situations is Hysteroscopy Applied?
Hysteroscopy application is divided into 2 depending on the purpose. ;
1)Hysteroscopy for Diagnostic Purposes
- In cases where the presence of polyps or fibroids in the uterus is detected as a result of ultrasound
- The patient It is applied in cases of excessive and irregular menstrual bleeding
- When it is suspected that there is an adhesion in the uterine or uterine canals
- In cases of consecutive miscarriages.
2)Hysteroscopy for Surgical Purposes
- In case of removal of polyps found to be present in the uterus
- In cases of myoma or tissue disorders diagnosed in the uterus ke When it needs to be removed by wiping
- It is applied in cases of adhesion in the fallopian tube in the uterus.
How is Hysteroscopy Performed?
Hysteroscopy is performed by applying general or local anesthesia. It is a method that can be performed under inspection conditions. However, if there are large polyps or myomas in the uterus, operating room conditions may be necessary. In this regard, we can say that hysteroscopy is performed by providing appropriate conditions in line with the size and nature of the condition diagnosed in the uterine area.
Hysteroscopy is an application that should be performed within a week after the end of the last menstrual period, because the image of the inside of the uterus, hysteroscopy, is a week after the end of the menstrual period. is most suitable for its application. We can briefly list how the hysteroscopy method is applied as follows:
- Opening or widening the cervix; In hysteroscopy application, first of all, the cervix is widened enough to allow the hysteroscope instrument to pass.
- Entering into the uterus through the cervix, the hysteroscope instrument is passed through the vagina and cervix and advanced into the uterus.
- The inside of the uterus is inserted into the uterus. viewing; In order to expand and observe the inside of the uterus, fluid is injected into the uterus and the inside of the uterus can be examined in detail with the image reflected on the monitor.
- Surgery can be performed when necessary by using suitable cutting or burning tools at the tip of the hysteroscope.
Pregnancy After Hysteroscopy
Hysteroscopy is most commonly performed for complications that occur after pregnancy losses and voluntary abortions. Hysteroscopy method is an extremely important method in the evaluation of infertility. We can list the effects of the hysteroscopy method, which is also applied in in vitro fertilization treatments, on pregnancy-related conditions as follows; A treatment can be provided by a precise and clear diagnosis.
The causes of infertility are basically; tissue disorders or formations called lesions in the uterus These are adhesions that work. Hysteroscopy is the method that enables the removal of these elements that prevent pregnancy.
- Especially for the removal of adhesions occurring within the uterus
- Myoma originating from the uterus
- Hysteroscopy is used in the diagnosis and treatment of another uterine tissue disorder called polyp.
Some factors originating from the uterus that prevent pregnancy must first be identified.
In Vitro Fertilization Treatment and Hysteroscopy
- Before starting in vitro fertilization treatment, hysteroscopy is performed in women who do not have a uterine film. Through hysteroscopy performed before in vitro fertilization treatment, the intrauterine region is evaluated and it is possible to confirm that the uterine cavity is normal.
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