Gifted children are children who perform better than their peers in some special areas and achieve high success in these
areas. It is possible to come across gifted children in all cultures and at all socio-economic levels.
Giftedness consists of the combination of talent, creativity and motivation that exist in humans, and the gifted individual can develop these three areas by developing They demonstrate significant success in any field. (Renzulli, 1986)
These people have characteristics such as high academic success, talent in artistic and sports activities, leadership in group relations, curiosity and interest in inventing and discovering. Gifted children
are children who score approximately 130 and above in standard intelligence tests.
Unusually aggressiveness in infancy, long attention span, broad imagination and imagination power, less need for sleep
, being energetic, progressing to developmental milestones more quickly, keen observation, extreme
curiosity, strong memory, early and extraordinary language development, rapid learning ability, hypersensitivity, reasoning and problem-solving skills, perfectionism developing the ability to play with numbers, puzzles and jigsaw puzzles, being extremely interested in books, asking questions, having a wide range of interests, a developed sense of humor, being able to think critically, making inventions, being able to do several things at the same time. Characteristics such as ability to concentrate and creativity are frequently observed in the early stages of gifted children. (Jackson & Klein, 1997; Davis & Rimm, 1998).
Determined by people working in the field of gifted children. The simplest diagnostic criteria are as follows (Akarsu, 2001):
1) Performing above peers in at least one skill area
2) Using language effectively
3) Curiosity and showing intense interest in some subjects
/> 4) Learning quickly
5) Strong memory
6) Being highly sensitive
7) Having original forms of expression
8) Preferring new and difficult experiences
9) Making friends with older people
10) Adapting quickly to new situations
11) Being fond of reading
The characteristics observed in gifted children are present in all children to a certain extent. These are features that can be observed
in r. In order for it to be an indicator of gifted talent, many of these features must be observed in the child at a level above the levels naturally shown by the relevant age group (Akarsu,
2001)
Gifted children can sustain their attention for long periods of time. And since they can use their memory more effectively, their perception, comprehension and learning speeds are better. For this reason, cognitive features such as establishing cause-effect relationships between events, reducing abstract concepts to concrete situations, generalizing or analyzing have developed. They are curious and interested, and their questioning style of thinking makes them capable of discovering new things or inventing new things. They show. They are very good at understanding the feelings and thoughts of others and sensing their intentions. Their perfectionist nature increases their awareness on many issues.
They are children with emotional depth.
Of course, although heredity plays a big role in the child having good cognitive skills or being talented in certain areas; The determining factor that plays an important role in areas such as social skills, emotional regulation, self and personality development is the environment. The core of environmental factors is family attitudes.
In summary, if the success-prone inheritance of gifted children is supported by effective family attitudes
, there will be complete happiness and success for the child. Otherwise, this rich internal structure, which is an advantage for the child, may turn into serious disadvantages in the child's personality development. /> may cause them to get angry.
- Being questioning may cause them to conflict with authority.
- Easily achieved success at school may undermine the habit of studying regularly.
- They learn faster than other children and have a desire to express themselves.
may cause disruption in the classroom environment and exclusion in friendships.
- Others Going ahead of children may cause them to develop disruptive feelings such as belittling their peers
. Polarization may increase as the child in the group begins to be labeled as "arrogant".
- Since they easily get bored of monotony, they may easily become distracted in activities and problems may arise in completing their work.
- Because they learn quickly, they may experience problems for a while.
- Because they learn quickly, Then they may insist on doing many things their own way.
- Due to their emotional structure, they may be heavily affected by failure or rejection.
- Due to their high awareness, they can cope with negative emotions (such as worthlessness and failure). br /> They experience trouble and may exhibit inappropriate behavior such as talking in class, slandering, or organizing the person they see as a rival against others.
With the increase in such situations, the superior becomes increasingly unsuccessful in regulating his/her emotions and behavior. > Gifted children become prone to constructing negative self-construction and acquiring problematic personality traits
with adolescence. If these important abilities that can take the child to good places in the future are not supported by effective family
attitudes, he/she may become successful but socially incompatible, unloved by his/her peers, and unable to establish lasting relationships. It should not be forgotten that the key to
personal happiness is to have a healthy personality.
The most important component of effective family attitudes is to set limits for the child. In an environment where there are no rules, the child will feel lost after a while. Because boundaries are like signs that show the child the way to reach his/her goal. A few points to consider when setting effective limits for gifted children are as follows:
1) It is necessary to pay attention to whether they can carry the freedom or responsibility given.
2) He/she should also be mentioned when creating rules. It is necessary to give them the right and listen to their feelings.
3) It is important to help them explore the options available to them while making choices.
4) It is necessary to confront them with the consequences of their choices without hurting them and to give them the opportunity to experience these consequences.
In addition, negative or negative situations in which the child cannot regulate his emotions Being able to have effective conversations during daily events is a must for effective communication. As we mentioned above, these children, who frequently experience emotional overflows, need guidance to cope with their emotions. Especially
when they open up to you, you can see that the most serious mistake they make is to constantly compare themselves with others
. They may come to you with complaints such as "he is successful, I am not", "he always gets full marks, I always make mistakes"
"the teacher likes him the most". The child's involvement in these comparisons intensifies his
emotions even more. That's why you need to understand exactly what your child is upset about in the situations he/she expresses, catch his/her dysfunctional or erroneous thoughts and save him/her from those thoughts. For example, the child who makes social comparisons may be asked to keep his own success chart so that he can focus on himself. In this way, his/her belief that he/she is unsuccessful will be refuted and he/she will stay away from social comparison.
In addition, families need to follow the needs of children and create spaces for them to reveal their
existing potential. These can be artistic activities such as painting or music, or competitions where they can test their knowledge and skills. Of course, in order to do this, it is important for families to be in constant contact with their teachers. Sometimes important
information about children is obtained by observing them in their natural environment, which makes the teacher's observations valuable.
With the developing world, the acceleration of the flow of information and the ease of obtaining information help children develop themselves mentally
While it helps, unfortunately their psychosocial development may remain in the background
. In fact, of course, the most important thing, besides academic success, is that the child knows himself well
, knows what he wants, and learns to control his personal weaknesses. The family can support the child's psychosocial development through attitudes such as setting limits for the child, helping him/her regulate his/her emotions, and creating suitable spaces for him/her to realize himself/herself. However, families
usually have these and similar groups. While developing all these skills, they may encounter intense resistance in the child. In addition, they may often fail to understand what they need and want. When these problems cannot be solved, problems such as depression, anxiety disorders, school phobia, loss of motivation, and behavioral problems may develop. In such cases, it is important for the family to consult a specialist.
As a matter of fact, it will be protective for children to have a specialist with whom they meet regularly and establish a trusting relationship
without any problems arising. As a matter of fact, the problems mentioned above are problems with a high risk of occurring
and as with every problem, it is best to solve the problem before it grows.
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