What is Gastric Bleeding? Symptoms and Treatment

Bleeding due to inflammation in the gastric mucosa is generally called gastric bleeding. Symptoms of bleeding in the stomach, which is among the most important organs of the digestive system, may differ from person to person. It can occur for many reasons.

What is Gastric Bleeding?

The disease is divided into two: Bleeding that continues for 1-6 weeks is called "acute gastric bleeding", and bleeding that lasts longer than 6 weeks is called "chronic gastric bleeding".

What Causes Stomach Bleeding?

• The disease is common in individuals who are exposed to intense stress. Due to excessive stress, gastric acid secretion increases and the decrease in platelet count increases the tendency to bleeding.
• It is also common in people who use drugs that prevent blood clotting, such as aspirin. This discomfort, which can also be seen in patients who use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) group drugs and suffer from rheumatic pain, can also occur in patients who are bedridden for a long time.
• Experiencing head trauma,
• Seeing a stomach tumor and experiencing vascular problems in the stomach can also cause stomach bleeding.
• Irritation of the stomach after the damage caused by excessive vomiting in the esophagus can be counted among the reasons that patients should pay attention to.
• The presence of polyps in the stomach,
• The presence of ulcers or tumors in the duodenum,
• The presence of ulcers, wounds or tumors in the esophagus,
• Advanced age,
• Occurrence of kidney and heart diseases,
• The most common risk factors leading to gastric bleeding;
• Family and environmental factors intense stress,
• Using drugs that will trigger bleeding,
• Experiencing head traumas,
• Weak physical structure of individuals,
• Previously untreated ulcers presence,
• Stomach ruptures that may occur due to excessive alcohol and cigarette use,
• Consumption of excessively spicy food,
• H. It is the presence of some bacteria such as pylori.

How Gastric Bleeding Happens?

The inside of the stomach and duodenum is covered with a protective surface, the mucous membrane. increased acid secretion As a result of the mechanisms that break the resistance of the mucosa and the mucosa, firstly, redness develops on the mucosa. These areas are more sensitive to stomach acid and cause symptoms such as pain and burning sensation after spicy meals.
Erosion areas (pits or ulcers) develop in these areas if the diet is not changed or the underlying cause is not treated (eg H. pylori infection). . The stomach wall, thinned in this way, has become ready to bleed. The discomfort that starts with the irritation of the gastric mucosa causes the perforation of the gastric vessel and the wounds on the mucosa cause bleeding.

What are the Symptoms of Gastric Bleeding?

Common symptoms in bleeding caused by damage to the stomach wall: · Fatigue, · Dizziness, · Anemia, · Heartburn, · Abdominal pain, Black stools, Problems such as diarrhea, Very severe stomach pain, Intense heartburn, Low blood pressure, Increased heart palpitations, Excessive sweating, Unexpected situations such as nausea and vomiting, Increased indigestion and swelling, Brown or red vomit, Darkening of the eyes and very difficult standing, Blood coming from the anus.

How is Stomach Bleeding Diagnosed? How is the diagnosis made?

In gastric bleeding, coffee grounds-colored vomiting accompanied by pain and tar-colored stools are warning signs. In addition, depending on the amount of bleeding in the patient;

• Low blood pressure (hypotension),
• Fast pulse (tachycardia),
• Cold sweating,
• Skin white color,
• Low blood count (anemia in chronic ulcer bleeding) is seen.

Acute bleeding is bright red in color and is accompanied by vomiting blood. This leads to rapid deterioration in the general condition of the patient. Although it is usually due to pathologies originating from the esophagus, endoscopy (examination of the digestive system area between the esophagus and the large intestine by swallowing a tube from the mouth) is performed to detect the bleeding focus and a sclerosing treatment is applied. ah it's under control. In these patients, ulcerated areas, bleeding foci and bleeding-prone areas in the digestive system are determined by endoscopy. When necessary, pathology is taken and a definitive diagnosis is made. The treatment of ulcers due to H. pylori infection should not be delayed because there is a risk of malignancy (stomach cancer). makes. After the blood tests applied, it is determined whether there is a decrease in blood values ​​and the patient's stomach is examined with the endoscopy method. The endoscope, which has a small camera on its tip, provides a clear view of the stomach lining, making it easier to diagnose the disease. After the endoscopy procedure, the detection of bleeding lesions on the inner wall of the stomach begins the treatment deemed necessary. When the factors that cause stomach discomfort are determined and eliminated, an important step is taken for the treatment of the disease.
The treatment program to be applied by the specialist doctor in the field may vary according to the patient's condition and personal characteristics. While gastric bleeding surgery is prescribed for some patients, stomach acid-lowering drugs and endoscopic methods are among the other methods applied to the patient for the treatment of the disease. While the patient can be treated with the help of an injection applied to the bleeding lesion, different treatment methods are preferred for patients with bleeding due to gastric cancer. For such patients, medical methods such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy are usually applied. If there is an ulcer among the factors that cause bleeding, ulcer treatment is done first. Early diagnosis is among the factors that facilitate the treatment of patients.

What should be the diet after gastric bleeding?

While a good nutrition program is among the most important criteria that even healthy people should pay attention to in daily life, patients with stomach bleeding should pay more attention to their nutrition in order to recover their physical activities. After the treatment for individuals after stomach bleeding, the nutrition programs they will continue at home will accelerate the recovery. are among the factors.
Patients should eat foods that do not touch their stomach, while it is strongly recommended to stay away from foods containing spices and caffeinated and carbonated drinks. It is preferable to consume fiber-rich foods that are rich in fiber. Patients lose a lot of blood while having stomach bleeding, which can cause iron deficiency. In order for individuals to regain the iron they have lost, they must be fed with foods rich in iron and protein. Pain reliever etc. Reducing the use of drugs or taking the drugs that need to be taken together with a stomach protector are among the factors that improve the condition of the patients.

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