Breast cancer symptoms vary widely. From palpable masses to breast swelling to skin changes. But most breast cancers have no obvious symptoms. In some cases, the resulting mass may be too small for you to notice it on your own. Often, an abnormal area will show up on a screening mammogram (an is the mass. A lump that is painless, hard, and has jagged edges is more likely to be cancerous. But sometimes cancers can be tender, soft, and round.
It's important to have anything unusual checked by your doctor.
According to the American Cancer Society, any of the following unusual changes in the breast may be a sign of breast cancer:
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-Swelling of all or part of the breast
-Skin irritation or wound opening
-Breast pain
-Nipple pain or nipple turning inward
-Redness, flaking, thickening of the nipple or breast skin
-A nipple discharge other than breast milk
-A lump in the armpit area
These changes may also indicate an infection. or they may be symptoms of less serious diseases that are not cancerous, such as a cyst. Again, it is important to have any breast changes checked by a doctor immediately.
Breast self-examination should be part of your monthly health care routine, and you should visit your doctor if you experience breast changes.
If you are over 40 or breast If you are at high risk of breast cancer, you should also have an annual mammogram and checkup with your doctor.
The earlier breast cancer is found and diagnosed, the better your chances of getting it.
The actual diagnostic process can take weeks and include many different tests. . Waiting for results can feel like a lifetime. Uncertainty can be scary. However, you can make better decisions once you understand your own “big picture” that doesn't overlap with anyone else's. You and your doctors can create a treatment plan tailored just for you.
Understanding Breast Cancer< br /> You should definitely know how breast cancer develops, how many people have been diagnosed with breast cancer, and factors that may increase your risk.
Screening and Testing
Medical tests are used to detect breast cancer as early as possible. and is important to receive appropriate treatment.
Types of Breast Cancer:
Breast cancer can develop in the ducts that carry milk to the nipple, in the milk-producing lobes or in the tissue between them. There are different types of breast cancer, including non-invasive, invasive and metastatic breast cancers, and others:
Ductal Carcinoma in situ(DCIS)
Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC)
Type of IDC : Tubular Carcinoma of the Breast
IDC Type: Medullary Carcinoma of the Breast
IDC Type: Mucous Carcinoma of the Breast
IDC Type: Papillary Carcinoma of the Breast
IDC Type: Cribriform Carcinoma of the Breast
Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC)
Inflammatory Breast Cancer
Lobular Carcinoma in situ (LCIS)
Male Breast Cancer
Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer
Nipple Paget's Disease< br /> Phylloides Breast Tumors
Metastatic Breast Cancer
The pathology report includes the results of tests done on the cancer and nearby tissues. Provides information your doctor can use to make the best treatment plan for your disease
Non-Invasive or Invasive Breast Cancer
Cell grading
Cell Growth Rate
Tumor Necrosis
Breast Cancer Size
Surgical Margins
Vascular or Lymphatic System Invasion
Lymph node involvement
Ploidy (Number of Chromosomes)
Hormone Receptor Status
HER2 Status
Triple Negative Breast Cancer
EGFR Status
Tumor Genomic Analyzes
BRCA1 and BRCA2 Testing
Other Abnormal Gene Test
Breast Cancer Stages
Recurrent Breast Cancer
The most common cancer diagnosed in women is breast cancer. Breast cancer can occur in both men and women, but is much more common in women. Significant support for breast cancer awareness and research funding has helped create advances in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. Breast cancer survival rates have increased and the number of deaths associated with this disease is largely due to early diagnosis and treatment. It is gradually decreasing due to factors such as a new personalized approach and a better understanding of the disease.
Causes:
Breast cancer causes some breast cells to grow abnormally. occurs when it starts. These cells divide faster than healthy cells and continue to accumulate and form a mass. Cells can spread (metastasize) from your breast to your lymph nodes or other parts of your body. Breast cancer most often begins in cells in the milk-producing ducts (invasive ductal carcinoma). Breast cancer can also start in glandular tissue called lobules (invasive lobular carcinoma) or in other cells and tissue in the breast. Hormonal, lifestyle, and environmental factors have been identified that may increase your risk of breast cancer. However, it is not clear why some people without risk factors develop cancer, but it cannot be said that other people with risk factors will definitely get cancer.
Hereditary breast cancer
Approximately 5 to 10 percent of breast cancers occur. It is estimated that it depends on gene mutations passed through generations of a family. Many hereditary mutated genes have been identified that may increase the likelihood of breast cancer. The most well-known are breast cancer gene 1 (BRCA1) and breast cancer gene 2 (BRCA2), both of which significantly increase the risk of both breast and ovarian cancer. If you have a strong family history of breast cancer or other cancer, your doctor will or may recommend a blood test to help identify specific mutations in other genes passed down in your family.
Risk factors
A breast cancer risk factor is something that makes you more likely to get breast cancer. But having one or more breast cancer risk factors does not necessarily mean you will develop breast cancer. Many women who develop breast cancer have no known risk factors other than simply being female.
Factors associated with an increased risk of breast cancer include:
Being female: Women are much more likely than men to get breast cancer.
Increasing age: Your risk of breast cancer increases as you get older.
A personal history of breast disease. :If you have had a breast biopsy that found lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) or atypical hyperplasia of the breast, your risk of breast cancer increases.
Personal breast cancer history:If you have breast cancer in one breast, you may develop cancer in the other breast.
Family history of breast cancer: If your mother, sister or daughter is diagnosed with breast cancer, especially at a young age, your risk of breast cancer increases. Still, most people diagnosed with breast cancer have no family history of the disease.
Inherited genes that increase the risk of cancer:Certain gene mutations that increase the risk of breast cancer can be passed from parents to children. The best-known gene mutations are called BRCA1 and BRCA2. These genes can greatly increase your risks of breast cancer and other cancers, but they do not make cancer inevitable.
Radiation exposure: If you had radiation therapy to your breast as a child or young adult, your risk of breast cancer increases.
Obesity: Being obese increases the risk of breast cancer.
Starting menstruation early: Starting menstruation before the age of 12 increases your risk of breast cancer.
Late menopause:If you enter menopause at a later age, you are more likely to develop breast cancer.
Having your first child at an older age: Women who give birth to their first child after age 30 The risk of breast cancer may increase.
Never being pregnant: Women who have never been pregnant have a higher risk of breast cancer than women who have had one or more pregnancies.
Postmenopausal hormone therapy. :Women who use hormone therapy medications that combine estrogen and progesterone to treat the signs and symptoms of menopause have an increased risk of breast cancer. When women stop taking these medications, the risk of breast cancer decreases.
Drinking alcohol: Drinking alcohol increases the risk of breast cancer.
PREVENTION OF BREAST CANCER
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Breast self-examination: Making changes in your daily life can help reduce the risk of breast cancer. Get to know your breasts by doing a breast self-examination for breast awareness. women breast f They can become familiar with their breasts by examining their breasts occasionally during breast self-examination for awareness. If you have any new changes in your breasts, lumps, or other unusual symptoms, talk to your doctor right away.
Consult your doctor: Ask your doctor about breast cancer screening. Talk to your doctor about when to start breast cancer screening exams and tests, such as clinical breast exams and mammograms.
Talk to your doctor about the benefits and risks of screening. Together, you can decide which breast cancer screening strategies are right for you.
Breast awareness cannot prevent breast cancer, but it can help you better understand normal changes in your breasts and identify unusual signs and symptoms.
Alcohol:You can drink alcohol in moderation.
Exercise: Aim for at least 30 minutes of exercise most days of the week.
Limit hormone therapy after menopause: Combination hormone therapy may increase the risk of breast cancer. Talk to your doctor about the benefits and risks of hormone therapy.
To reduce the risk of breast cancer, use the lowest dose of hormone therapy possible for the shortest possible time.
Weight: Maintain a healthy weight. If your weight is healthy, try to maintain it. If you need to lose weight, ask your doctor about healthy strategies to achieve it. Reduce the number of calories you eat each day and slowly increase the amount of exercise.
Choose a healthy diet. Extra virgin olive oil: Women who eat a Mediterranean diet may have a reduced risk of breast cancer. The Mediterranean diet focuses mostly on plant-based foods such as fruits and vegetables, whole grains, legumes . Olive oil should be preferred instead of butter. Fish should be preferred instead of red meat.
WHAT CAN BE DONE FOR HIGH RISK PEOPLE.
If your doctor has evaluated your family history and determined that there are other factors that increase the risk of breast cancer, such as pre-cancerous breast disease, you can increase your risk. You can discuss reduction options:
Preventive medications (chemoprevention). Selective
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