How to repair the eardrum?
If the hole is small, your doctor will need to check whether it closes on its own over time. Or, in appropriate cases, one may try a small patch. For this purpose, he applies medicines that have a healing effect under a microscope to the edges of the hole in the membrane and makes a patch by covering the membrane with a thin piece of paper. After the hole in the membrane is repaired, an improvement in hearing is usually observed.
Several (3-4) patches may be required to completely close the hole. If your doctor thinks that closing it with paper will not be enough, or if the hole is still not closed after applying a paper patch several times, surgical intervention is required. There are various surgical techniques. In all techniques, the perforated membrane is closed with a piece of tissue to ensure healing. This procedure is called “myringoplasty”. The most current method is to place tissues called grafts under the eardrum hole. Grafts are obtained either from the patient himself or from others. We place structures containing cartilage and membrane, called composite autograft, without making any incisions in the external ear canal. We also place fillers called hyaluronic acid in the middle ear to hold the eardrum well.
Tympanoplasty surgery provides definitive success in closing the hole and restoring hearing.Repair of the eardrum (myringoplasty), In cases of severe hearing loss, repair of the middle ear ossicular chain (ossiculoplasty) and in cases of chronic discharge, surgery to clean the inflammation in and around the middle ear (mastoidectomy) may be required. Most of these surgeries are performed under general anesthesia and require hospitalization for at most one day.
Is surgery necessary for every rupture?
No, it develops as a result of trauma and only causes rupture in the eardrum. In such cases, the eardrum usually closes spontaneously within 4-7 days. If there is a certain tissue loss in the eardrum, repair slows down. Additionally, eardrum perforations that occur due to sudden eardrum or middle ear infections usually close within 1 week with appropriate antibiotic treatment. However, in cases of inadequate treatment or water entering the ear, the infection may become chronic.
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