Premenstrual (premenstrual) dysphoric disorder is a picture in which premenstrual syndrome is more severe. It is characterized by markedly depressed mood, anxiety and decreased interest one week before the menstrual period. Most of the previous year's menstrual cycles must have at least five symptoms specified in criteria B and C in the week before menstruation. The start of menstruation continues for a few days, the week after the end of menstruation, the symptoms decrease a lot. At least one of the B criteria for emotional change, anxiety, depressed mood, hopelessness or self-deprecating thoughts, and restlessness should be present. At least one of the C criteria should include loss of interest in usual activities, decreased energy, inability to focus, changes in appetite, distress, and physical symptoms.
Symptoms lead to significant distress and impairment in functioning. It is not better explained by another mood disorder, such as an anxiety disorder or a personality disorder. In order to make a diagnosis, symptoms must be present during two menstrual cycles.
While bloating, headache, weakness and change in appetite can be counted as physiological symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder; depressive mood, irritability, tension and emotional turmoil can be counted as psychological symptoms.
In epidemiological studies using different methods, the incidence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder is between 2% and 10%.
Premenstrual (premenstrual) dysphoric disorder symptom frequency is as follows. Hopelessness, depressive mood, self-blame 90%, Change in mood 89%, Anger 81%, Easy fatigue and physical complaints 78%, Anxiety 67%, Loss of interest 63%.
Premenstrual (premenstrual) Depression, stress, anxiety, traumatic events, family history of premenstrual syndrome can be counted as risk factors for dysphoric disorder.
Hormanal changes, genetic factors and psychosocial events are effective in the etiology of premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
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Effective neurotransmitters are serotonin and gaba. Serotonin is the most effective neurotransmitter in its emergence. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder Serotonin level in the blood of patients with colds decreases, serotonergic activity decreases. Swelling level decreases in patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. This situation causes symptoms of anxiety and depression.
As psychosocial events that play a role in the emergence of premenstrual (premenstrual) dysphoric disorder; stress, the cause of the distressed mood to be attributed to the menstrual cycle, negative life events and relationship problems can be counted.
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