Brain tumors are the growth and mass formation of abnormal cells in the brain. There are benign (non-cancerous-benign) and malignant (cancerous-malignant) types of brain tumors. Although the reasons why tumors form are not fully clear, there are risk factors for some tumors. General risk factors include exposure to intense radiation and heavy smoking. A small portion of brain tumors can be seen in people with a family history of brain tumors or a genetic syndrome that increases the risk of brain tumors.
Tumors can develop from the brain's own tissue (primary brain tumors), or they can spread from tumors elsewhere in the body. may occur (secondary brain tumors-metastasis).
Tumors of the brain itself
Primary brain tumors arise either from the brain's own cells or from the brain covering membranes (meninges), cranial It occurs in glands close to the brain tissue, such as nerves (nerves originating from the brain within the skull), pituitary gland or pineal gland.
Meningioma: These tumors usually develop from the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. They are usually benign, rarely malignant. They usually show symptoms slowly, growing over years. Although it is usually located under the skull bone on the brain surface, it can sometimes be located in deep localizations of the brain at the base of the skull. Vestibular Schwannoma(schwannoma): It goes from our inner ear to our brain. They are generally benign tumors that develop in the nerves that control balance and hearing. It grows over the years. Balance disorder may cause hearing loss. Glial tumors(astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, oligoastrocytoma, astroblastoma, glioblastoma, gliosarcoma): This group of tumors consists of astrocytes and tumors in the brain. They are tumors that develop from oligodendrogliocyte cells and can be both benign and malignant. These tumors can range from grade 1 to grade 4. Grade 1 indicates that it is benign, and grade 4 indicates that it is the most malignant tumor. Some tumors are always considered malignant (glioblastoma, gliosarcoma, and others), while some tumors are always considered benign tumors (pilocytic astrocytoma). Although some tumors are generally benign (meningioma, schwannoma), they are sometimes higher grade and They can be bad-natured. Growth rates of tumors may vary depending on their pathological diagnosis. Whether these tumors cause complaints in patients may vary depending on their type, location, and size. Ependymoma:These tumors can occur both in the brain and spinal cord. Some of these tumors are benign, and some are malignant. It can travel to other parts of the central nervous system with the cerebrospinal fluid and recur there. Medulloblastoma:They are the most common malignant brain tumors in children. These tumors begin in the posterior fossa of the brain and tend to spread throughout the spinal fluid. These tumors are less common in adults. Craniopharyngioma: They are benign tumors and form near the brain's pituitary gland, which secretes hormones that control many body functions. As it slowly grows, it can affect the pituitary gland and other structures near the brain. Choroid plexus tumors:They develop within the ventricles, which are fluid-filled cavities of the brain, are mostly seen in childhood, and are usually benign. are tumors. Pituitary gland tumors (Pituitary adenomas):They are mostly benign tumors that develop in the pituitary gland at the base of the brain. These tumors can affect pituitary hormones. In this way, it can cause symptoms in many parts of the body. As these tumors grow, they can compress the optic nerves and cause partial or complete blindness. Metastatic tumors
Secondary brain tumors (metastatic tumors) occur elsewhere in the body. These are tumors caused by cancer that starts and then spreads to the brain. Although secondary brain tumors are often found during follow-up in people with a history of cancer, they can sometimes be the first symptom of a tumor that started elsewhere in the body. In adults, secondary brain tumors are more common than primary tumors of the brain itself. Although all cancers can spread to the brain, the most common ones are: Lung cancer, Breast cancer, Large intestine (colon) cancer, Kidney cancer, and Melanoma.
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