We see that today's children are well-equipped, aware and perceptive because they grow up with more conscious parents and in conditions where there is plenty of stimulation. For this reason, it is a fact that education and training at an early age will be very supportive and beneficial, not harmful. For this reason, the importance of pre-school education has increased in recent years and the necessity of nursery and kindergarten education has been emphasized.
A 5-year-old child is ready for kindergarten or an education system that will provide education and care at this level. The 5-year-old period is when the child's gross motor skills develop. However, it is a period when development in fine motor skill areas is still immature. In social and emotional areas, he plays active games with his peers, playing house, etc., called corner games. He can set up and continue games, and if he feels that the other person accepts him, he will find the courage to express himself, of course, at the level his language-cognitive development allows. Concrete perceptions, insinuations, uncertainties, high tone of voice and crowds make him uneasy. Their attention span lasts approximately 20 minutes. In addition, he still needs support in his self-care skills, he hides his pants because he cannot get up from the game, he holds his big pee when he feels anxious, he turns a deaf ear when things do not go his way, and he moves slowly. He holds the pencil, but in order to paint or draw, he gets bored quickly, he needs to move and be interested in different things around him. When he feels failure, he will stop his activity and start again with the motivation of his teacher or mother. Children at this age will naturally not be able to cope with the teacher approach, peer relationships, self-care competence and academic level, expectations and responsibilities at the 1st grade level known today. He may be very intelligent, but his emotional coping skills and reactions will be at the level of his age, that is, like a 5-year-old child.
What are the developmental differences between a newborn baby and an 11-month-old baby in the areas of motor, social, emotional, cognitive and language skills? The developmental differences between a child aged 5 years 0 months and a child aged 5 years 11 months are just as great. If we include these two age groups in an education and training environment together, we will increase the self-confidence of the younger ones. It is inevitable for them to fall in their grades, feel inadequate, be afraid of school, have problems in their relationships with friends, become introverted or irritable, have disrupted sleeping and eating patterns, have self-care problems, and therefore experience shame. These are, of course, school phobias, separation anxiety, etc. It will also bring undesirable problems. Being in a motor skill area for which he is not ready, seeing his friends who hold a pen and write better than him, listening to the teacher, hearing well-done, receiving awards, being exposed to an authority approach for which he is not ready, not knowing what to do when he is made fun of, and being unable to perform like others in active games. and experiencing exclusion... And it should not be surprising that the result of all this is traumatic for a child to live in an environment where he feels unwanted and unaccepted every day. It is not an unexpected result that these children will become young people who are insecure in their later years, have negative attitudes towards school, and have many adaptation problems that these will bring.
Education and training depend on the age of the individuals and their developmental levels (gross-motor, fine motor). , language, cognitive, social, self-care and emotional) are the most necessary and important tools for individuals to support and improve their development in all areas, if appropriate. These tools must be used parallel to development and without disturbing it.
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