Obsessive compulsive disorder, also known as obsession disease, is an anxiety disorder in which a person feels compelled to involuntarily repeat feelings, thoughts, and behaviors. This disorder, which usually begins in early adulthood and makes daily life difficult, negatively affects the person's family, social and work life, and also greatly damages interpersonal communication. These involuntary thoughts (obsessions) push the person to negative emotions, and the person exhibits some avoidance behaviors (compulsive) to protect himself from these negative emotions. Obsessions are a person's involuntary negative thoughts and impulses. Compulsions are behaviors and mental actions that a person develops to get rid of these thoughts and impulses. To give an example, thinking that buses are dirty is an obsession, and not getting on buses because one thinks they are dirty is a compulsion. People with OCD feel relieved for a short time as a result of the behaviors they exhibit to get rid of these thoughts. But then the thoughts and impulses renew themselves. Not performing obsessive rituals (compulsions) causes the person's anxiety level to increase. While some people with OCD have only obsessions or compulsions, some have both.
Common obsessions:
•€Fear of contamination by germs,
• €Fear of getting sick,
•€Fear of accidentally harming someone else,
•€A state of uncertainty,
•€Fear of doing something embarrassing and immoral do not be afraid.
•€The need for symmetrical order.
Common compulsions:
•€Washing, cleaning,
•€Repeated actions (such as opening and closing the door 3 times),
•€Continuous checking,
•€Not touching places that he thinks are germy (such as door handles),
•€Repeating some words a certain number of times,
•€Inability to throw away even unnecessary items,
▪▪Some typical characteristics of people with OCD are as follows: We can list them as follows:
•€They are orderly, perfectionist and controlling.
•€They are anxious and r harms the efficiency of doing things right.
•€They pay too much attention to details and have problems seeing the big picture.
•€They often fall behind schedules.
•€They often neglect their immediate surroundings.
•€They are never satisfied with their performance. They do not feel adequate.
•€They do not like the work done by others, because they think they are careless.
•€They have difficulty expressing their emotional closeness, so their relationships are sometimes harsh and superficial.
•€They do not like changes because they are conservative.
•€When it comes to decision-making. They have difficulty.
WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF OCD?
Although the cause of OCD is not known exactly, genetic, biological and environmental factors can affect it. Factors appear to play a role in the development of OCD. Many studies have shown that a person's genetic structure is less effective in developing OCD than biological and environmental factors. A person whose first-degree relative has OCD is more likely to have OCD than others. Environmental factors are an important factor that develops a person's OCD. It is stated that the risk of developing OCD is higher in people who experienced verbal or physical sexual abuse or other trauma during childhood. According to Freud, the pressure and coercion experienced in toilet training cause anger in the child. He stated that if the families' approach to the child is harsh during this period, the children may remain in the anal stage and become individuals more prone to OCD in later life.
CONDITIONS ACCOMPANYING OCD
The development of major depression is observed in many people with OCD. In addition to major depression, panic disorder, anxiety, specific and social phobia, and post-traumatic stress disorder are among the frequently observed disorders.
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PANIC DISORDER: It is one of the common situations that OCD is confused with panic disorder. Since obsessive thoughts about getting sick are very intense in panic disorder, it is important to control them. They exhibit compulsive behaviors. The fears of people with panic disorder are thoughts based on the physical changes they experience during a panic attack. The fears of people with OCD are thoughts such as contamination and getting sick at the cognitive level, but they do not have physical fears.
MAJOR DEPRESSION DISORDER: People with major depression disorder have some obsessive thoughts. This is also thought to be OCD. However, obsessive thoughts due to major depression disorder disappear as a result of depression treatment. People who still have persistent obsessive thoughts after depression treatment are more likely to be diagnosed with OCD.
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