Stress; It is a negative emotional experience that can cause biochemical, physiological, cognitive and behavioral changes. These effects vary according to events and adaptation to these changing events. Although stressors are diverse, factors that stress some people may not affect others. One thing we need to point out here is that even a little stress can create difficulties.
Reactions to stress are conscious efforts to cope with stress. What causes the reactions to stress, is it possible to control it, and how threatening it is are issues that need to be considered. At the same time, the physiology of stress (SAM) is explained as follows; sympathetic-adrenomedullary nervous system, Cannon's "Fight or flight" response, expression of sympathetic stimulation (secretion towards catecholamine in the adrenal glands), effects: increase in blood pressure and heart rate, congestion in peripheral blood vessels, increase in sweating. (HPA axis); Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome, Hypothalamus secretions, adrenal cortex stimulation.
Internal and external factors of stress are emphasized, while internal factors are exemplified such as negative thinking, high expectations, lack of acceptance, external factors are problems related to business life and permanent health problems. Examples of basic life changes and spiritual problems are given.
Precautions that can be taken in stress assessment include: self-reports of stressors and the changes they bring to life, task performance measurements under stress, and precautions against physiological changes such as pulse and blood pressure. and the biochemical determinism that makes events stressful. While talking about precautions, it is stated that if we make it a habit to know when we are under stress and know how our body reacts, we can take action in advance and reduce the stress level and keep the stressors under control.
Some situations and factors can create a state of stress that is difficult to overcome. may bring with it. But there are also effective ways to deal with stress: Learning to say no, not taking on responsibilities that you cannot handle, expressing your emotions, sharing stressors with trustworthy people, taking time to rest, muscle training such as meditation and deep breathing. Engaging in soothing activities, doing sports, focusing on the positive aspects of your day and making a list of them, following a healthy diet that includes 3 types of meals a day, engaging in enjoyable activities such as reading, listening to music, feeding a pet, spending time with positive and supportive people, laughing, such as taking your sleep away.
The three types of violence and their definitions determined by the National Science Council on Child Development based on current research are briefly as follows: Positive stress is the stress that occurs as a result of short-term undesirable events, this type of stress is considered normal and requires coping with it. Learning is an important part of the development process. Tolerable stress is the experiencing of undesirable events for a short time but more intensely. Positive stress can contribute to child development, but if the child is deprived of support, acceptable stress can turn into toxic stress and lead to long-term health problems. Child maltreatment, the source of toxic stress, is a major public health problem. Children cannot fight this form of stress on their own and it can cause permanent changes in brain development. The negative effects of toxic stress can only be reduced with parental support.
Research shows that stress experienced in childhood also affects adult life. Studies on Adverse Childhood Experiences are among the studies that should be especially taken into consideration in this regard because they show 1) violence due to stress factors such as child abuse, neglect and exposure to intimate violence, and 2) negative behaviors and health problems in adulthood. Early diagnosis and treatment of toxic stress, including toxic stress, reduces the factors that negatively affect health and behavior in the long term. Caregivers, teachers, and other adults who frequently interact with children need to be knowledgeable about their condition in order to identify and care for children with traumatic childhood experiences.
Read: 0