PSYCHOLOGICAL COUNSELING
To individuals; It is the psychological help given by experts to help the person solve his problems, make realistic decisions, know himself and his environment better, develop his capacity at the most appropriate level, and adapt to his environment in a healthy way.
Psychological counseling lasts 1-5 sessions. It is a process that provides a general perspective on the problem and its solutions.
PSYCHOTHERAPY
Psychotherapy of psychological and emotional diseases through talking without medication or any other medical tool. analysis depending on the methods. At this point, it should be noted that psychotherapy can also be used alongside drug treatment.
First of all, the person who provides psychological counseling services is called "psychological counselor". People who receive help from these people are called "clients". When we look at the reasons why clients apply for this service: adaptation problems (to a new environment, environment, life period, etc.), professional, educational and personal problems, self-awareness, self-improvement, increasing decision-making skills, psychological problems that are not at an advanced level. Its first purpose is to know the individual and introduce him/her to himself, and the most basic purpose is to understand the problem he is experiencing. The places where it is generally applied are schools at all levels, social organizations, and partly hospitals.
The person who provides psychotherapy services is called "psychotherapist". This service can be provided by clinical psychologists and psychiatrists trained in psychotherapy. This service is used in cases where advanced psychological problems are experienced and these problems affect the person's life. These problems may require the patient to receive this service for a long time. When we look at the general purpose of psychotherapy, we can clearly see that it is treatment and recovery.
In psychological counseling, individuals are worked on mostly from their positive aspects, and the positive aspects are emphasized. In psychotherapy, the existing disorder is tried to be healed, the focus is on reducing or eliminating the level of the negative situation.
When it comes to counseling, we mean a short-term, even single-session, and very rarely, a professional service that does not exceed five sessions. While help comes to mind, this process is longer in psychotherapy. Counseling is generally problem-centered, but psychotherapy focuses on the person. The process in psychotherapy and counseling is similar, but there is a difference in time. Essentially, what is done in counseling is giving information and advice by a person who is an expert in a certain area of human behavior, but psychotherapy is a process that helps people find out what and why they think, feel or behave in this direction.
For example, : A mother who has a child who does not study, consults a psychologist to solve this problem. If the psychologist is going to do "counseling", he listens to the mother and the child, asks them questions and finally gives information and advice. An agreement is reached on the problems arising from both parties, and if the mother and child stick to this agreement, the problem will disappear over time. This shows that the counseling is successful.
However, if the mother and the child report that the problems still persist despite the counseling, it means that one or both parties are not fulfilling the agreement. At this point, psychotherapy is recommended to understand why this problem continues. If the person who is thought to be perpetuating the problem accepts this, he takes on the role of an expert psychotherapist. He is no longer someone who gives information and advice; He exists as an expert who helps the person understand himself and helps him see the source of his problem. Here he applies the techniques of the therapy method in which he received his training. Its duration varies depending on the solution of the problem, but it is not a short process.
The common point in both is this: Sessions take place on the day and time determined by the psychologist and the client. This day and time must remain the same throughout the process (unless there is an important situation), it must be continued regularly, and if the client is a child, his/her guardian must also be present in this process. Disruptions in time and continuity will also affect the process. One of the most important points is this: The person who comes to the psychologist (whether child or adult) must come of his own volition. Any person who is forced to see a psychologist cannot be admitted to the counseling and psychotherapy process.
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