Diabetes Mellitus (DM), popularly known as diabetes, is a chronic, devastating disease that can affect people of almost all ages, regardless of gender, and can be defined as the inability to secrete sufficient amounts of insulin from our organ called the pancreas or the relatively insufficient amount of insulin secreted. It is classified as Type 1 and Type 2. In type 1 DM, there is no insulin secretion from pancreatic islet cells. For this reason, the carbohydrates we eat and drink (especially free glucose) cannot enter the tissues and cells, and the amount of sugar in the blood becomes very high. It can be triggered after a viral infection, especially in childhood. It is not uncommon for patients with type 1 DM to be admitted to hospital with coma. Type 2 DM is a condition that has a longer course and is due to INSULIN RESISTANCE, which sometimes occurs after years of bad habits, sedentary life, genetic factors, obesity, etc. In fact, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the result of a process that begins long before the diagnosis. Here, there is a relative Insulin Deficiency rather than an absolute absence of insulin. Since there is insulin resistance at the tissue and even cell level, glucose (sugar) cannot enter the tissue and cell, and blood sugar increases significantly. To correct this situation, the pancreas tries to secrete more insulin. After a while, a vicious circle develops and although the insulin level in the blood is very high, glucose entry into the cell is insufficient. As a result, increased sugar begins to damage vessels and tissues. After a while, damage occurs first in the capillaries, which we call capillaries, and as a result; eye, kidney, nerve etc. tissues begin to suffer serious damage. If the current situation is not corrected and appropriate treatment is not given, larger vascular beds will begin to be damaged in the process; Cardiovascular system, brain vascular system, gastrointestinal vascular system, etc. According to studies, the most important cause of death in diabetic patients is heart attack. Staying away from follow-up and treatment can lead to many irreparable problems. In treatment; In addition to drug treatment, other new methods are also possible.
Recommendations:
Have your fasting blood sugar and three-month blood sugar average (HbA1c) checked once a year,
Pay attention to weight control, take at least 10 thousand steps a day and at least two steps a week. Weigh yourself, maintain waist circumference measurement standards (<102cm for men, <88cm for women),
Reduce carbohydrate consumption, especially stay away from foods containing free sugar,
Increase consumption of fibrous foods,
Be careful about consuming foods with high glycemic index,
Sugar If you are a patient; Come for a check-up at the internal medicine clinic every 3 months and have basic tests such as fasting blood sugar, HbA1c and blood lipids. Be sure to have detailed tests done once a year (24-hour urine protein, microalbuminuria, fundus examination, heart check, etc.).
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