The medical name for collapsed lung is Pneumothorax. Pneumothorax has different causes depending on age group. It can usually be seen in young men between the ages of 15-25, in people with a thin build and long rib cage. In these people, a bubble at the top of the lung opens and air escapes around the lung. This is a common and worrying problem because it is symptomatic of shortness of breath. Another group is the group of patients over the age of 50 who have smoked for many years and have developed emphysema in their lungs. In people who develop emphysema, one of the bubbles bursts, causing the lung to collapse. In this case, the patient applies to the hospital with severe shortness of breath. The first treatment is by placing a tube into the chest cavity. We call this tube insertion and the patient needs to be monitored for approximately 5-6 days. During this period, sometimes the lung heals itself and air leakage stops. In cases where it is not cut or if it recurs within 1 year after it is cut, surgery may be considered, and we can define lung collapse (pneumothorax) in this way.
WHAT IS LUNG ATELECTASIA?
One of the lungs. It means that the section does not get air and goes out. This is a condition in which the trachea, which carries air to the lungs, is blocked, not by external pressure. There are reasons that can lead to atelectasis. For example, the upper part of the right lung does not ventilate at all. This may be due to one or two reasons, the tumor may have blocked it. Sometimes the tumor can block the entire lung's trachea. The most common reason after surgery is not being able to clear phlegm sufficiently. Hard, dark phlegm can block certain parts of the trachea, which causes that area of the lung to fail to ventilate, which we call atelectasis. We can observe atelectasis with lung x-ray and tomography.
WHAT IS LUNG ENLARGEMENT, WHY DOES IT HAPPEN?
There is no such thing as lung enlargement, what can be described as lung enlargement is emphysema. It means lung. Normally, if our lungs hold too much air, which we call emphysema, if the lung tissue is damaged and the air inside is not discharged, the lungs can expand to 1.5 times their normal size. In people who have smoked for a long time and are used to smoking, the rib cage sometimes expands very much, we call it barrel chest. We say, you see that the rib cage in patients expands a lot. We usually see it in cases where people smoke for a very long time and have emphysema and air gets trapped inside the lungs. This is what is meant by lung enlargement.
IS LUNG CANCER GENETIC?
There are genetic causes of lung cancer, we know that lung cancer is more common in some families. To explain in more detail, some patients may have disorders or predispositions in genes that suppress or cause lung cancer. These predispositions can occur without ever smoking, or in some cases, smoking causes the disruption of these genes. Disruption of these genes causes cancer more quickly in people with sensitive genetic mechanisms. Some people are very resistant, for example, and do not develop cancer despite smoking. Lung cancer has a genetic aspect, but this does not mean that lung cancers are completely genetic.
WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF LUNG CANCER?
One of the most important causes (90%) is smoking. . Works that expose you to exhaust fumes, dust, and some toxic fumes other than cigarette smoking, such as iron work, insulation work, turning or car mechanics. In this type of work, we are exposed to substances that contain toxic substances or that we inhale. These all increase the risk of lung cancer, but the most important reason is smoking.
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