Obesity is the excess of storage fat above the normal values in relation to lean body mass. Although obesity is a disease, it plays a role in the formation of many diseases. In addition to cardiovascular disease, which has the highest mortality rate today, it also plays a role in the onset of many diseases such as diabetes, cancer, gout, gallstones, functional disorders in the kidneys and pancreas, and fatty liver. Since obesity is perceived as an embarrassing event, especially among young people, it can make the individual feel ugly. In the elderly, it causes increased pain in the joints because it is difficult to carry the heavy body. In recent years, studies conducted in various parts of the world indicate that the prevalence of obesity and related diseases has increased in economically developed countries. In our country, 26.4% of the adult male population is slightly obese and 7.6% is extremely obese. Among women, the rate of slightly overweight women is 38.5%, and the rate of overweight women is 25.6%. Obesity is higher in the urban population than in the villages.
REASONS
Obesity is the result of long-term energy imbalance. The main reasons for this can be grouped into 5 groups:
1. Overeating,
2. Lack of physical movements,
3. Psychological disorders,
4. Metabolic and hormonal disorders.
5. Some medications (e.g. antidepressants, glucocorticoids)
PREVENTION OF OBESITY
Generally, it is easy to get fat and difficult to lose weight. Therefore, it is correct to prevent obesity before treating it. The most important issue in preventing obesity is to follow an energy-balanced diet from an early age. This happens when the individual is conscious about the energy values of foods and energy expenditure and acquires nutritional habits suitable for energy balance.
How is obesity treated?
The most commonly used methods in the treatment of > 5. Acupuncture,
6. Hypnosis,
7. Behavior Therapy.
Among these, diet and physical activity are combined under the control of a dietitian. Its application is seen as the application that gives the best results in the treatment of obesity. Today, obesity is the biggest problem in our country, especially for people working in desk jobs. For this reason, the slimming sector is very popular, especially in big cities such as Istanbul, Izmir and Ankara. Many private weight loss centers have been established and claim to lose weight with various methods. Among these methods, many methods other than diet have been suggested, but they have not been successful in this regard. One of the most important issues, especially when losing weight, is to ensure that people do not lose their health. It has been proven in research that especially weight loss drugs available on the market, various diets (such as the Swedish diet, Ait ferce diet, Atkinson diet) and people who try to do this job using the title of dietitian cause irreparable problems in people. Treatment of obesity should be considered in two parts: slimming and protection. Only with this method can a healthy and permanent weight loss be achieved. As a result of the treatment of obesity, the following can be said: Apart from the diet programs implemented under the control of a dietitian, there is no scientific aspect of any method, medicine, machine or magic diets in the market, especially in magazines. And these methods can cause irreparable health problems in the human organism, which can lead to sudden weakening and even death. For this reason, people who want to lose weight should definitely lose weight under the supervision of a dietitian and should not resort to other methods.
What is the ideal weight? How should it be detected?
Today, many ratios are used to detect obesity based on weight and height. The most valid ratio used among them is BMI (Body Mass Index). According to this; KI = Underweight if weight (kg) ratio < 20
Normal if height (m)2 20-24.9
Slightly overweight (bulky) if 25-29.9
30-39, If it is 9, it is obese
>If it is 40, it is severe or morbid obesity.
The ideal BMI is 22 for men and 21 for women. After menopause, the ideal BMI is 25. These values are valid for people over 19 years of age. However; Since the muscle-bone structure that makes up weight varies from person to person, BMI calculation is only approximate.
After reaching my ideal weight, can I maintain this weight?
After reaching the ideal weight, the weight maintenance period is the diet, again under the supervision of a dietician. through the implementation of the programs. We can say that the protection period is even more important than the weight loss period. The dietitian will increase the calories a little more during the maintenance period and ensure the maintenance of weight. From now on, more variety of foods will begin to be eaten in different amounts. During this period, with the recommendations of the dietitian, the person acquires nutritional habits that can last a lifetime.
Should I be active while dieting?
One of the most important things when dieting is It also helps the person gain the habit of moving. This is important both during and after the diet.
Should we believe in miracle diets?
Miracle diets are those that make you lose weight quickly, but do not cause you to lose only fat. and unhealthy diets that cause you to lose water mass. When these diets are done for a long time, the body keeps the fat it has as an energy source and converts the small amounts of carbohydrates and proteins it takes in from outside into fat and uses it as energy. As a result, due to unhealthy weight loss, diseases caused by vitamin deficiencies, especially heart diseases, fatigue, and even situations that may result in sudden death may occur.
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