Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is one of the most common and earliest occurring food allergies in children. The onset of Cow's Milk Protein Allergy (CMPA) in childhood is usually in the first 6 months. It is more common in men.
Clinical symptoms of CMPA appear most often in the first months of life in breast-fed babies, and within days or weeks following formula intake in babies fed with formula containing cow's milk. Since cow's milk allergy can affect many organs in the body, the problems it causes vary. Itchy and swollen lesions on the skin, commonly called hives, that occur after consuming cow's milk and dairy products, or itchy, red, dry and crusty lesions on the cheeks, arms and trunk, called atopic dermatitis (eczema), should raise suspicion of milk allergy. Sometimes, wheezing and asthma attacks following milk intake also suggest cow's milk allergy. It is manifested in the baby by symptoms such as recurrent or persistent diarrhea, blood in the stool, sometimes constipation, vomiting attacks, inability to gain weight and loss of appetite. In cases of severe allergy, we may encounter a life-threatening and severe condition called anaphylaxis. In this situation, sudden shortness of breath, severe abdominal pain and vomiting, widespread redness and blisters all over the body may occur. Urgent treatment is required.
What should be prohibited in the diet of a child with cow's milk allergy?
Yoghurt, cheese, buttermilk, margarine, including other dairy products, in a child with cow's milk allergy. Foods such as cakes and cookies made by adding butter and dairy products should not be given. In breastfed babies, milk and dairy products should be excluded from the mother's diet.
Foods That Do Not Contain Milk Protein:
Beverages: Fruity. beverages, fruit juices, soy milk, mineral water, soda
Breads:Dairy-free breads, not containing milk, yoghurt, cheese, milk powder, milk cream, casein and whey. biscuits and crackers.
Other cereals:All types of cereals that do not contain milk and dairy products, Pastas, rice, Corn Soy, Formula-free spoon foods.
Desserts:Gelatin-Jellies, fruit ices, milk and dairy products, desserts such as cakes and cookies made without margarine, fruit desserts. Honey, jam, brown or white table sugar.
Fats: All vegetable oils. Dairy-free margarine
Fruits: All fresh, frozen or canned fruits
Red meats, fish, chicken, turkey: Baked, grilled all types of meat cooked or boiled in water. Meat should not be marinated with yoghurt or milk before cooking.
Soups: Soups prepared with broth, Vegetable soups, Legume soups.
Vegetables: All fresh, frozen or canned vegetables prepared without the addition of milk and dairy products.
Foods Containing Milk Protein
Beverages: all types of milk, all drinks prepared with milk and dairy products, coffee creamer / coffee whitener, hot chocolate, milkshake yoghurt, kefir, cream soups
Breads:Biscuits, cakes, muffins, Waffles, Cakes, crackers and all other ready-made patisserie and market products.
Other cereals: Cereals prepared or pre-cooked with milk casein or other dairy products. Noodles (noodles prepared without adding milk and dairy products can be found) Some rice flours.
Desserts:Cakes, cookies, Creme caramel, Puddings, cakes and other desserts. Milk desserts with sherbet. Ice cream, cream pies. Kazandibi, rice pudding, custard, profiteroles, butter desserts and cookies. Types of sugar that contain milk or margarine, chocolate caramel,
Fats:Butter, cream, margarine, milk and s. Mayonnaise and mayonnaise salads and sauces made using dairy products.
Fruits: Fruits served with milk, butter or cream.
Red meats, fish. chicken, turkey: Sausage and salami types, meatballs, hamburgers containing milk and dairy products (casein). Meats fried in butter.
Soups:Cream soups, Yoghurt soups. Tarhana soup, milk soups, all ready-made soups. Soups seasoned with milk.
Vegetables: Vegetables prepared with cream or butter. Vegetables with sauce. Vegetable soufflés.
Other Foods: Milk, cheese, butter, whey, casein, caseinates, casein hydrolysates, products containing lactose, lactoalbumin, lactoglobulin or butter flavor, margarine, some ready-made breadcrumbs.
How should the diet be regulated for a child with cow's milk allergy?
Cow For children aged 0-1 with protein allergy, full or intensively hydrolyzed special formulas that do not contain cow's milk can be used. In cases where such foods are not available, soy-based foods can also be tried if there is no soy milk allergy. Daily calcium intake should be calculated and supplemented if necessary. In addition, since breast milk is important in this age group, breastfeeding mothers should not consume milk and dairy products. In this case, it should not be forgotten that the mother will also need calcium support. Milk is the most important source of protein in the childhood age group. For this reason, children with cow's milk allergy need to be closely monitored for protein deficiency and growth and development. Like all other children, children with cow's milk allergy should receive vitamin D supplementation.
How can calcium deficiency be prevented? What are the foods containing calcium?
In the first year of life, the baby usually gets enough calcium from the diet by breastfeeding and using hydrolyzed formula. Adequate consumption of calcium is important in all age groups. The daily amount of calcium required for different age groups is different. Calcium supplementation is also required in children with cow's milk allergy in case of insufficient dietary intake. is.
Calcium requirement by age:
Babies: 0-6 months: 210 mg/day
7-12 months: 270 mg/day
Children: 1-3years: 500 mg/day
4-8 years old: 800 mg/day
9-13 years old: 1300 mg/day
Among the foods rich in calcium, the ones containing the most calcium are, except for milk and dairy products; In addition to legumes such as grape molasses, almonds, dark green leafy vegetables, fresh mint, parsley, dried beans, lentils and chickpeas, foods such as dried figs and broad beans and nuts, especially hazelnuts and peanuts. Feeding these foods that the child will like and are suitable for his age will prevent the development of calcium deficiency.
Should a baby with cow's milk allergy continue to breastfeed the mother?
There is no harm in breastfeeding babies with cow's milk allergy. The point that should be taken into consideration here is the risk of allergy caused by the milk protein in the milk and dairy products consumed by the mother passing to the baby through breast milk. For this reason, it is recommended that the mother does not consume milk and dairy products during the breastfeeding period. It is recommended that the mother eat foods rich in calcium and take mineral supplements containing calcium.
Can goat's milk be given to a child with cow's milk allergy?
Cow's milk and goat's milk are very similar and there is an 80% chance that a child who is allergic to cow's milk will also react to goat's milk. Children who are allergic to cow's milk will be given goat's milk (sheep's milk, camel milk, horse milk) should not be given.
Hidden food dangers containing cow's milk?
For children with cow's milk allergy, simply avoiding milk and dairy products is not always sufficient. knows. The most important reason for this is that milk and dairy products are found as sweeteners and additives in many ready-made food items. For example, very serious reactions may occur following the intake of a food item such as meatballs or grilled meat prepared from meat cured with milk and milk powder. Since 'casein', a milk protein, is added to the sausage, there is a risk of reaction. For this reason, patients with cow's milk allergy are recommended to check the ingredients before eating ready-made meatballs, hamburger patties and sausages with unknown ingredients, and before eating dishes prepared with red meat in restaurants. In addition, ketchup and many seasoning sauces may cause allergic reactions because they contain milk or milk powder.
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