Myomas
They are benign tumors originating from the muscles in the uterine wall.
They can be single or multiple. Its size can range from the size of a pea
to the size of an orange, and sometimes
it can be even larger. They usually grow outside of the uterine wall
, but there are also some that grow into the wall or into the uterus
. They are very common tumors and their incidence is quite high in women between the ages of 30-
45.
Myomas that grow into the uterus can cause miscarriage, premature birth
or infertility. . Myomas can grow during pregnancy and if they put pressure on the baby, they can cause deformities in the arms and legs. Before in vitro fertilization, especially
myomas that grow inward should be removed.
Endometriosis
It is a condition in which the tissue lining the uterus is present outside the uterus. It attaches to the ovaries or other organs in the abdomen and fills with blood during each menstrual period. Since this blood is trapped in the tissue, first vesicles and then cysts form. In advanced stages, scar tissue and adhesions occur. This can cause chronic groin pain. Endometriosis
is one of the leading causes of infertility and is seen in approximately 40% of women of reproductive age with infertility problems. The mechanism by which it causes infertility is not known today.
Although it is not known exactly due to blockages that occur as a result of damage to the tubes
or disruption of the sperm-egg relationship due to certain substances secreted by the tissue
Lack of fertilization is considered among the possible mechanisms. These patients can be treated medically,
or surgically.
Medical Treatment
The patient's ovulation function is impaired by creating false pregnancy or false menopause.
It is stopped and menstruation is prevented. Thus, activation of endometriosis foci
is prevented. This treatment lasts approximately 6 months. However, it may relapse when the medications are stopped.
This treatment is mostly applied to patients who do not want to have children. Surgical treatment is usually performed by laparoscopy under anesthesia for patients who want to have children. It is done by the following method. Here
A telescope with a camera on the back is inserted into the abdomen through a 1 cm incision made at the navel level
and all organs are observed and the pathologies detected are detected by 2 5
It is treated using mm wide instruments. The aim is to destroy endometriosis foci by burning
or cutting them and to open any adhesions.
Ovarian Cysts
They are fluid-filled sacs. It is quite common, most of the cases are benign and occur in people under 35 years of age. In the presence of these cysts, ovulation may stop, or the mechanical effect caused by the pressure of the cyst on the tubes may prevent the egg and sperm from uniting, leading to infertility.
Cysts that have reached a certain size can be evacuated under ultrasound guidance or laparoscopically, and
The cyst content is removed for cytopathological examination and the cyst wall is separated for histopathological examination.
Some cysts are prone to recurrence. and after it is evacuated, if in vitro fertilization is to be done, birth control pills can be used until this time.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
These patients have menstrual irregularity. They may come with complaints of hair growth, obesity and infertility.
Also, acne on the face may be an indicator of increased male hormones in the blood. Sometimes
It can also be seen in cases where the adrenal gland and thyroid gland do not work well and in cases of insulin resistance
. Menstrual irregularity, blood tests and ultrasonography are helpful in diagnosis.
Since the patient ovulates less than other women, she becomes pregnant in a longer time.
Intra-Abdominal Adhesions
They are band-shaped tissues located in the internal reproductive organs or between these organs and the intestines.
These are usually a previous surgery (appendicitis, ovarian cyst, etc.),
They develop after infection (Chlamydia, Gonorrhea) or due to endometriosis. Adhesions
They cause folds in the tubes and prevent the egg and sperm from traveling inside the tube.
They are usually treated surgically, if success is not achieved, in vitro fertilization is applied.
Ovarian reserves normally begin to decrease after the age of 35, and at the age of 48, which is the average menopause age in our country, the functions come to a complete halt and the woman enters menopause
. Sometimes this condition begins to occur in women in their 20s and 30s. Especially
those who have had ovarian surgery before (due to cysts or endometriosis) are at risk.
Decreasing ovarian reserves means fewer eggs developing each month.
In this case, the FSH level rises in the blood, the period between menstruation first shortens and then becomes longer, and
the amount of menstruation decreases. An idea can be obtained by measuring the level of FSH and estradiol hormones in the blood taken on the 3rd day of menstruation. Additionally, ovarian reserve can be evaluated by measuring the ovarian volume and the amount of follicles in it during ultrasonography. Such patients should receive in vitro fertilization treatment without waiting too long.
Early Ovarian Failure
It is possible if menopause occurs before the age of 40. Although its cause is generally unknown, it may be caused by chromosomal disorders, immune system diseases and thyroid diseases. This condition can also be revealed by blood tests. If the patient has no eggs left, in vitro fertilization treatment cannot be applied.
Read: 0
