Various therapy methods can also be used in psychotic disorders. Although the cognitive behavioral therapy model is the most commonly used therapy model, dynamic therapies can also be effective. The psychologist should take the history of the patient's delusions, hallucinations, behavioral aspects, and disorganization of speech and develop a working style accordingly. Here, while the psychologist is working on therapy, it will be beneficial for the psychologist to follow up the psychopharmacological support with the help of a psychiatrist. At the same time, it is one of the undeniable facts that the exchange of information with the patient's family will contribute positively to the patient as a whole.
COGNITIVE THERAPY
Hallucinations with Cognitive Therapy. Addressing
From a cognitive point of view, the feeling of seeing something that does not actually exist is considered as spontaneous (automatic) thoughts of a person that seem to come from outside, that is, from outside his mind.
Hallucinations are compelling. It arises from the tendency to externalize life events and conditions. It would be beneficial to ensure that these people attribute meaning to the hallucinations, discuss their content, develop methods of coping with them, and appropriately demonstrate that the hallucinations reflect thoughts about themselves. The patient also needs to investigate the triggers, emotional and behavioral reactions, coping approaches, other related thoughts and accompanying images. In order to question the patient's established thoughts, some approaches can be taken as follows;
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Evidence can be listed regarding the sounds he hears
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The way the sounds he hears disrupt his daily functionality. can be handled. (such as avoidance behavior)
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He can resort to the method of finding guidance. (he can re-work on the reactions he can show to the feared sounds)
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It can be gamified.
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Helping people change their deep-rooted thoughts
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Radio and TV can be turned on
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Music can be listened to
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Chat with a friend can be done
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Sports can be done
Handling Delusions with the Cognitive Therapy Model
It threatens the concept of self in terms of the activation of the metacognition process. Metacognitive awareness in paranoid schizophrenia is also characterized by anger and false beliefs or torment from others. Due to the nature of psychotic symptoms, reducing resistance may be the desired success when treating clinical populations. Among the factors affecting the magnitude of resistance:
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The importance of the specific freedom threatened
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The magnitude of the threat is important in this respect.
To minimize resistance, it will be beneficial for the patient to initiate change from the weakest, to ask the patient only to identify alternatives for his thoughts, to challenge evidence of belief contrary to the belief itself, and to encourage the patient to voice evidence against his own belief. . Addressing the patient's delusions through therapy is important in the significant improvement of delusions. The person may have difficulty remembering these delusions. Efforts should be made to remind them and information should be obtained. If the person does not seem to want to remember, this should be tested.
“Does it bother you a lot to remember the events that affected you? If you want, we can come back to this topic when you're ready? It can be said.
Even if the person's hesitation indicates that they are uncomfortable or that there are some events that cause them pain, they may behave this way because they are skeptical.
PSYCHOSOCIAL SKILLS TRAINING
Related to communication skills
Related to interpersonal problem solving
Dealing with any job etc. These are trainings that aim to provide basic skills that a person has lost or has never acquired due to illness.
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