Today, bariatric surgery; It is successfully used to permanently prevent additional problems that may be caused by obesity in selected cases, where the success of medical treatment may be low. Because of its frequent use in daily life, “stomach sleeve surgery” and “obesity surgery” are used as equivalents. However, sleeve gastrectomy surgery is one of the surgical methods used in obesity surgery. In this article, we aimed to give information about other surgical approaches used in bariatric surgery.
What is Gastric Balloon? What Kind of a Method is it?
It is a method used in the treatment of obesity and does not require surgery. Thanks to the balloon that takes up the volume in the stomach, it helps to lose weight by creating a low calorie environment as a result of less food intake and a continuous satiety. It can stay in the stomach for 6-12 months and has been used in the treatment of obesity for about 30 years.
Provided that the diet and exercise program are adhered to, approximately 20 kilos of weight loss can be expected in 1 year with this method. After the balloon is inserted, weight control is ensured by regulating nutrition within a program under the control of a dietitian.
Who are Candidates for Gastric Balloon?
Candidate patients for gastric balloon:
- BMI ≥30,
- Failed despite many diet and exercise programs,
- Ages older than 18 and younger than 60,
- Surgical treatment is risky Obese patients are suitable for this method.
Who Should Not Have a Gastric Balloon?
Gastric balloon should not be applied to the following patient group:
- Alcohol and substance addicts,
- People who are pregnant and planning a pregnancy,
- Those with serious heart, kidney, liver and lung diseases,
- Those who have had esophagus and stomach surgery before ,
- Those who have to use blood thinners constantly,
- Patients with gastric hernia, reflux and related esophageal burns,
- Patients with stomach-duodenal ulcer.
How is the Gastric Balloon Applied?
The balloon is applied endoscopically, that is, without surgery. Since the patient is anesthetized, he does not feel anything during the procedure and the procedure is completed in an average of 15 minutes.
Before the balloon is applied, the esophagus, stomach and 12 finger intestines are evaluated endoscopically and honey It is determined whether there is a situation that prevents its implementation. After removing the endoscope in patients without obstruction, the balloon is sent to the stomach through the mouth and esophagus via special apparatus. Afterwards, after the position of the balloon in the stomach is clarified by performing an endoscopy again, the balloon is inflated by injecting methylene blue-dyed saline into the balloon by means of special endoscopic apparatus.
First of all, 400 cc of saline given can be increased over time according to the tolerability of the patient and all these procedures are performed endoscopically. After the procedure, the patient wakes up immediately and is discharged home after staying in the hospital for about 1-2 hours.
Does the Gastric Balloon Burst? How to Tell and What to Do?
It is very rare for a gastric balloon to burst. When it explodes, the blue water inside mixes with the intestinal tract and turns the urine blue. In this case, the patient throws the balloon out normally, or the balloon is removed without surgery by entering the stomach with the endoscope.
What are the Side Effects of Gastric Balloon?
Although very rarely, bleeding and perforation of the esophagus and stomach may occur while the balloon is placed.
At first, stomach discomfort, nausea and/ or vomiting may occur. Such conditions are controlled with drugs given either orally or intravenously, and the patient adapts to the balloon over time. Again in the first weeks, fatigue may occur due to decreased daily fluid intake.
In this method, the stomach is divided into two main parts, one of which is quite small, using special surgical materials (laparoscopic). The small stomach section to be formed is mouthed to an area approximately 50-70 cm long from the beginning of the small intestine. After this level, the system is arranged by reuniting the two intestines that will allow bile and pancreatic secretions to reach the area of 100-150 cm that continues after this level.
In gastric bypass, firstly, the newly formed small stomach pouch (30-50 cc ), it is aimed to reduce the volume of food taken due to Secondly, as a result of the late encounter of the small amount of food eaten with pancreatic and bile fluids, It provides weight control by preventing the intake of all the calories it contains.
Unlike sleeve gastrectomy surgery, both food intake is reduced and all calorie intake is prevented. is provided.
In the first 6-8 weeks, under the control of a dietitian after the surgery, it starts with liquid and then pureed foods and gradually switches to normal food. In the following 3-6 months (while the new stomach gains health), appropriate and new eating habits are introduced over time. Patients also start to take the recommended vitamin and mineral supplements (usually iron vitamins and calcium support) and may need to be repeated in some patients after the surgery.
What are the Possible Complications of Gastric Bypass Surgery?
risks; The weight loss surgery itself includes the physical risks associated with the surgical procedure and the risks that the stress associated with any major surgery imposes on vital organs and the body.
EARLY PERIOD LATE LATE Gastrointestinal ulcer
Embolism (intravascular clot) hernia at incision site
Hernia from the incision site
Detailed information about sleeve gastrectomy surgery can be found at Tube Stomach Surgery.
Does Gall Bladder Required in Gastric Bypass Surgery?
If there are stones in the gallbladder during the pre-surgical controls, the gallbladder can be removed in the same surgery. Because a sick gallbladder is flat It may not be able to keep up with this during a wide weight reduction, creating problems up to clinical problems. On the other hand, if there is no stone in the gallbladder, the gallbladder is not removed in the surgery. A bile-diluting medication may be prescribed for 6 months after surgery. This treatment will reduce but not eliminate the possibility of gallstone formation.
Does Obesity Surgery Increase Stone Formation in the Gallbladder?
After obesity surgery, the amount of cholesterol and mucin in the bile increases. Fatty food intake is reduced in nutrition after obesity surgery. In this case, gallbladder movements are reduced. In addition, bile salt secretion decreases in patients who have been operated on. The possibility of developing gallstones is high in those who have a high preoperative BMI and lose more than 25% of their body weight by surgery.
Detailed information about gallstones. What are Gallstones?
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