Tubal-Induced Infertility (Infertility, Tubal Factor):
Open and healthy fallopian ducts (tubes) are required for pregnancy. Fallopian tubes have a very delicate and detailed internal structure. A deterioration in this structure may prevent the egg from being transported and thus fertilization. If the end closest to the ovary is affected, catching the egg and taking it into the tube may be impaired, but the most severe situation is when the tube is completely blocked. Obstruction in the tube may be caused by infections that reach the tube through the genital tract, or it may occur due to other infections in the abdomen. In addition, the patient may have lost one or both of her tubes as a result of an ectopic pregnancy. Tubal factor can be evaluated by uterine film (HSG - Hysterosalpingography) and/or laparoscopic examination before starting infertility treatments. Problems (obstruction, adhesion or damage) in the channels may be detected during laparoscopy. Mild cases may benefit from microsurgery. The chance of pregnancy in cases of advanced adhesion and damaged tubes can only be achieved through in vitro fertilization.
Ovulation-Induced Infertility (Ovulatory Factor):
The woman's menstrual pattern contains important clues about ovulation. Irregular or abnormal ovulation is seen in 25% of all infertile women. Basal body temperature monitoring, special urine test to detect LH, blood progesterone test and ultrasonography, biopsies taken from the inner surface of the uterus (endometrium) 1-3 days before the expected menstrual day for diagnostic purposes are among the tests that can be used to monitor ovulation.
Cervical origin. Infertility (Cervical Factor):
The secretion of the cervix allows the free passage of sperm only during the ovulation period. At all other times, due to changes due to hormonal stimulation, the structure and consistency of the cervical secretion does not allow the free passage of sperm. In some women, this secretion contains antibodies against sperm. In this case, even during ovulation, sperm may not pass through the cervical canal and reach the uterus.
Antibodies are substances developed by the woman's immune system against the sperm cell. These substances can cause infertility by disrupting sperm cell function. In this case, Post Coital Test should be performed. Vaccine will be sufficient for diagnosis.
Uterine Infertility (Uterine Factor):
It is one of the problems with abnormalities that change the structure of the area in the uterus where the baby will settle. Uterine film (HSG – Hysterosalpingography) is one of the gold standard tests used to examine the inside of the uterus and fallopian canals. It should be applied before the ovulation period, in the period immediately after the end of menstruation. Uterine problems diagnosed in this way can be surgically treated with the help of hysteroscopy. Hysteroscopy procedure; It is the direct visual observation of the inside of the uterus (the area where the embryo will settle and grow, the endometrium) by passing through the cervix with a thin optical camera.
Endometriosis:
Endometriosis is quite common in women of reproductive age. It is the condition where the tissue lining the uterus (endometrium) is found in another region (e.g. ovaries, abdominal lining, etc.). Since there is bleeding in these tissues during menstrual bleeding, it can cause severe pain. This disease also causes cyst formations in the ovaries, which are dark brown in color and known as chocolate cysts. While these cysts can be removed by laparoscopic surgery, it is possible to destroy damaged tissues and endometriosis foci with cautery, laser and thermal damage.
Unexplained Infertility:
Research to reveal the problem in these couples is based on current methods and methods. The tests could not illuminate the problem. Couples in this situation should be prevented from falling into deep pessimism by emphasizing that their chances of spontaneous pregnancy continue, although their chances of spontaneous pregnancy have decreased.
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