TONSILLITIS
Tonsils are lymphoid tissues located on both sides of the oral cavity. Tonsils are one of the body's first defenses. However, although they are the body's defense organ, the tonsils themselves may become inflamed from time to time. Tonsillitis is a common condition, especially in childhood. The disease often has a rapid onset. There is fever, sweating and chills along with a severe sore throat. Patients have difficulty swallowing due to sore throat. Sometimes there is painful swelling in the lymph nodes in the neck. Depending on the severity of the disease, general weakness and muscle aches may also be observed.
The most common cause of tonsillitis is viruses. However, in 30% of patients, the causative agent is bacteria. When tonsillitis is caused by bacteria, the most common cause is group A beta hemolytic streptococci.
The diagnosis of the disease is made by clinical examination and, when necessary, throat culture. There is an increase in the white blood cell count in blood tests. Tonsillitis is an infection that usually resolves on its own. However, from time to time it may lead to peritonsillar abscess, deep boot infection and septicemia. If the causative agent is beta hemolytic streptococci, it may cause acute rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis if left untreated.
The treatment of tonsillitis is the elimination of the causative agent and supportive treatment. In patients where the causative agent is thought to be beta hemolytic streptococcus, 10 days of antibiotic treatment must be administered. In addition to antibiotics, antipyretics should be given to reduce the patient's fever and fever, and the patient should be ensured to drink plenty of fluids. Relief is usually observed within 3 days after starting treatment.
WHEN IS TONSILL SURGERY PERFORMED?
In cases of recurrent tonsillitis, tonsillectomy is on the agenda. may come. The accepted criteria for this are as follows:
Infections of the tonsils
7 times a year
5 times a year for 2 years
3 times a year for 3 years
Peritonsillar abscess (?2)
Tonsil/adenoid enlargement causing shortness of breath, snoring, sleep apnea
Infected debris accumulation in the tonsils that does not improve with medical treatment and causes bad breath
WHAT SHOULD BE DONE IN PEOPLE WHO ARE BETA CARRIERS?
People who are beta carriers do not need standard treatment. Because these usually do not cause disease or beta-related complications. However, carriers need to be treated in the following cases:
Presence of recurrent beta infections in family members
History of acute rheumatic fever or glomerulonephritis
Streptococcal Close contact with people who have an infection
Professional healthcare providers or hospitalized patients
Increased risk of acute rheumatic fever or glomerulonephritis in the community
AGENIS PROBLEMS
Adenoid is the lymphoid tissue located in the nasal cavity at the back of the nasal cavity. They can usually grow in childhood, physiologically or due to infections and allergies. Adenoid enlargement is more common in children between the ages of 2-6.
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF ADENOL?
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When adenoid enlargement occurs, children experience nasal congestion, snoring at night, sleeping with their mouth open, bad breath, and recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. The sleep quality of these children is impaired. Sleep apnea, that is, stopping breathing during sleep, may occur at night. The growth of these children slows down. As the adenoid grows, it becomes a reservoir for bacteria and viruses, causing upper respiratory tract infections to occur more frequently. As children get infected, their adenoids grow larger. This creates a vicious circle. Eustachian tube functions may be affected in these children. This causes fluid accumulation in the middle ear and hearing loss. These children also experience restlessness and attention deficit during the day.
HOW IS THE ADENUS EXAMINATION DONE?
You can examine the adenoid through the nose. It is not possible to see it by looking directly from the mouth. The most ideal method to understand the presence of adenoids is to examine them with bendable telescopes called flexible nasopharyngoscopes. In this way, the diagnosis is made by directly viewing the adenoid. Yum X-rays taken at nasal tissue density can also provide information about the adenoid, but are often misleading. Another method is the examination, which we call finger touch, in which the doctor inserts his finger from the child's mouth to the nasal passages. This form of examination also provides information about the adenoid, but it is beneficial to avoid this examination in terms of the child's psychology.
HOW IS ADENUS ENLARGEMENT TREATED?
If the child has an allergy that causes the adenoid to enlarge, it should be treated with nasal cortisone sprays. Again, the use of antibiotics is very important during acute infections. If the adenoid is still large and causes complaints in the child despite drug treatment, the adenoid must be removed surgically.
WHEN SHOULD ADENUS SURGERY BE PERFORMED?
If the child's sleep quality is impaired due to the size of the adenoid and he or she constantly breathes through the mouth
If the child develops sleep apnea due to the size of the adenoid
In the presence of frequently recurring adenoid infections that do not improve with medication
If there is fluid accumulation in the middle ear that does not improve with medication
In these cases, it is beneficial to remove the adenoid by surgery.
HOW IS ADENUS SURGERY PERFORMED?
Adenoid surgery in general It is done with anesthesia. Adenoids are removed with instruments called adenotome. In addition, adenoids can be reduced in size with the radiofrequency method. However, it does not provide a significant advantage over the classical technique.
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