It occurs as a result of blockage of the normal anatomical structures of the tear ducts for any reason. Excessive watering in the eyes, frequent burring, swelling at the root of the nose, this is accompanied by infection, and if there is blockage as a result of inflammation, inflammation can occur in the eye by pressing on the root of the nose. If this occurs with an allergic rhinitis, the symptoms of allergic rhinitis accompanied by tearing in the eyes, itching of the eyes with the hands, and the continuous wiping of the discharge with the hands result in blockage of the tear sac channels. Normally, the liquid secreted by the tear gland in the eyes is absorbed and passes through the tear sac, and the liquid that accumulates in the tear duct and passes through there flows into the nasal cavity through the tear duct. If there is a blockage in the tear duct for any reason, this fluid that accumulates in the eye can pass over the eyelids and flow onto our cheeks. After a while, this fluid accumulates in the eyes and forms a nutrient medium, causing inflammation, eye crusting, swelling, redness and pain.
1:Congenital
2:Acquired.
1.Congenital tear obstruction: It occurs as a result of the duct where the tear sac opens to the nose remaining blocked.
2.Acquired tear obstruction: In children. It is encountered in adults due to external traumas and infections, and in adults due to traumas, allergic rhinitis, lacrimal stones, sinuses, inflammatory diseases and tumors.
A lavage system is applied to detect the obstruction of the tear duct. (This is done by injecting fluid into the tear ducts with the help of a cannula.) .)In this application, if the tear fluid comes from the nose to the throat, the tear ducts are open, otherwise they are closed. However, in suspicious cases, dacryocystorhinostomy and dacryoscintigraphy are performed to visualize the tear ducts. According to the results obtained, if the tear duct in newborn children is blocked and the watering of the child's eyes does not stop for this reason, the first year is stroked with the hand from the root of the nose down to the wings of the nose, thus the blockage is opened by 95%. If there is a lump in the eye, antibiotic drops are applied. If there is no change in the child's illness after 1.5 years, then the increase is increased. Lavage is applied to the child as mentioned above. If the canal does not open at the end of the lavage (probing) procedure, then the lavage is repeated, and in rare cases, the obstruction persists, and then dacryocystorhinostomy surgery is performed on patients at an advanced age. Surgical methods applied in adult lacrimal bladder obstructions:
1.External dacryocystorhinostomy surgery is performed.
2.Endoscopic external dacryocystorhinostomy surgery is performed. .
3.Transcanalicular laser dacryocystorhinostomy
1.EXTERNAL DACRYOCYTORINOSTOMY: A skin incision is made between the nose and the eye. Thus, a new path is opened between the nose and the lacrimal sac.
2.ENDOSCOPIC EXTERNAL DACRYOCYTORINOSTOMY: Here, a path is opened to the lacrimal sac by entering through the nose endoscopically.
3.TRANSCANALICULAR LASER DACRYOCYTORINOSTAMY: It is a surgery performed with the help of laser by entering through the calinucles, which are the openings of the tear duct on the side of the eye. Then, the process is completed by placing a silicone tube into the canal.
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