The hip joint is one of the most load-bearing joints of the body. There are two bone structures (femoral head and acetabulum) that form the joint, and there is a 4-5 mm thick cartilage structure at the ends of these bones that form the joint. In addition, joint fluid (synovial fluid), which provides nutrition for the hip, is effective in nourishing the cartilages. Hip sliding movement occurs through these cartilage structures and is painless. Following pathologies that cause deterioration of the cartilage structure, hip joint calcification (coxarthrosis), also known as "fluid loss" among the public, is observed in the knee.
Among the causes of hip joint calcification, the most common one is the cause of which is unknown, but it may be due to various reasons or factors. "Primary Osteoarthritis" is a disease that occurs as a result of a combination of In this disease, deterioration of the joint cartilage occurs in older ages as a result of the formation of cartilage-damaging substances in the synovial fluid. Apart from this, cartilage deterioration due to various reasons, called "Secondary (secondary) osteoarthritis", is also observed. These reasons include trauma, congenital hip dislocation sequelae, previous fractures of joint structures, previous hip joint infection sequelae, rheumatic diseases, and impingement between the structures forming the hip joint (Femora-acetabular impingement syndrome-FAI).. p>
Patients often apply to the orthopedic clinic with pain concentrated around the hip joint, decreased hip movements and limping. In the early stages of the disease, the pain occurs when walking long distances and going up and down many stairs, but as the disease progresses, it begins as soon as the patient starts walking and can reach a level that wakes the patient up at night. The amount of hip joint movement decreases over time due to pain. Until they reach the final stage, many patients undergo rehabilitation, hip injections, PRP treatment and/or closed hip joint surgeries.
Patients are evaluated with hip joint-specific examination techniques after a detailed disease history is taken by an orthopedist. After the examination and a preliminary diagnosis is made, pelvis and frog position radiographs, waist radiographs and "orthoroentgenography", which shows the area below the waist in a single radiograph, may be requested. Closure of the joint space in arthritis patients, also known as "osteophyte" The diagnosis is made by observing bone protrusions and tiny cysts under the cartilage.
Treatment is shaped according to the stages of the disease in patients. Weight loss, rehabilitation, device support, intra-hip injections (Cortisone, PRP) in very early stages are non-surgical treatment methods that can be applied. Surgical methods vary depending on the cause and stage of the disease. In patients with hip joint impingement syndrome (Femoracetabular Impingement Syndrome-FAI), hip arthroscopy (joint surgery with a closed method) can be performed to reduce the risk of calcification and eliminate complaints. In young patients with acetabular socket insufficiency, which is a mild form of congenital hip dislocation, if the deterioration of the hip joint has not started, socket rotation surgery called "pelvis rotational osteotomy" can be performed, which will both reduce pain and delay the prosthesis. "Total hip prosthesis" provides permanent comfort for patients with advanced arthritis that affects the entire hip. ) After reaching the joint line, the damaged ends of the bones forming the joint are cut and a new joint line is created with implants made of metal alloy (Cr-Co-Mo), ceramic or thick polyethylene with the help of special sets. Post-surgical complications include infection, clot formation (embolism) and very rarely vascular injury. Patients are walked with support the next day.
What complaints are seen?
- Pain often concentrated around the hip joint,
- Decrease in hip movements and limping,
- Hip joint The amount of movement decreases over time due to pain
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