As in other areas of medicine, the basis of physical therapy is a careful and complete evaluation of the patient. The patient must be fully evaluated to determine the treatment to be applied. The patient's current condition cannot be isolated from other co-occurring medical problems. Although the evaluation of a physical therapist covers the entire general medical history and physical examination, its field of activity is broad, therefore the evaluation of a physical examination doctor provides a broader perspective.
Medical diagnosis is made with the clues in the history and physical findings that enable the correct definition of the disease. is revealed. After a medical diagnosis is made, the physical therapist must reveal the functional consequences of the disease.
Usually, the patient's history is obtained through the doctor's interview with the patient. Components of the history include chief complaints, disease history, functional history, past medical history, system inquiry, and family history.
Identification of main complaints is achieved by noting the primary problem in the patient's own words. The patient's chief complaint usually refers to the disability that occurs in a specific or group of diseases. Complaints of pain and numbness in the hands while driving suggest carpal tunnel syndrome.
The history of the current disease is obtained by the patient telling the story of his medical problem. All doctors received warnings during their medical training such as 'listen to your patient, he will tell you his diagnosis'. These sayings are very true. Sometimes it may be necessary to ask the patient what the expressions used by the patient mean. Specific questions about the patient's complaint provide better results. By using these techniques, the doctor can ensure that the patient describes all the complaints and their consequences in chronological order. More importantly, the patient should be allowed to tell the patient's story. The patient may have more than one complaint and each should be noted. The onset date of the patient's complaint, its character, severity, localization and spread, relationship with time, other accompanying findings, enhancing and reducing factors, previous treatments and their effectiveness should be questioned one by one.
The medications used by the patient should be recorded. Cro Polypharmacy is common in people with chronic disease, sometimes leading to significant side effects. Side effects of medications affect consciousness, psychological state, balance, bowel and bladder control, and muscle functions, which are already impaired due to disease or trauma.
Evaluation of the patient with chronic pain often reveals loss of function. Although there are individual differences in daily life activities, the basic elements that determine the level of personal independence are; communication, eating, self-care activities, washing, transfers and mobility. When taking a functional history, the doctor should record the patient's pain status for each activity.
In the past medical history; Major illnesses, trauma and general health status of the patient should be questioned. Some previous health problems may continue to affect the person's current condition.
Questioning the systems provides clues about disease history and diseases not detected in the medical history. A complete inquiry must be made. General symptoms, head and neck symptoms, respiratory symptoms, cardiovascular symptoms, intestinal symptoms, urinary tract symptoms, and neurological symptoms should be evaluated.
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