Kyphosis (Hunchback)
The back of a normal person is slightly inclined forward and this is a physiological curvature that should be present. Kyphosis, or hunchback, is a posture disorder that causes abnormal structural curvature forward. When viewed from the side, the person exhibits an abnormally hunched forward posture, and although it generally creates a cosmetic problem, it can also result in serious back and waist pain.
If the degree of kyphosis is high, it may cause narrowing in the chest cavity. This condition may result in chest pain or respiratory distress.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis is usually made by the doctor or the family's children or the abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the shoulders when viewed from the front and the normal back curvature when viewed from the side. When there is suspicion, it is determined by x-ray. Normal back curvature is between 200-450. In the special size radiograph taken, the angle being over 500 is called KYPHOS.
Types of Kyphosis
1-Postural Kyphosis
It is the most common type of kyphosis. It is usually seen in girls during adolescence. It may pose a cosmetic problem. It rarely causes pain. It has a flexible structure. It improves with stretching. Relief can be achieved by strengthening and exercising the abdominal, back and hamstring muscles. It is unlikely that significant improvement in kyphosis can be expected. However, it does not cause problems in patients, with rare exceptions, in adulthood or in the future.
2-Scheuermann Kyphosis
Adolescence or childhood, such as postural kyphosis. seen in the period. However, there is a serious and significant curvature structure. The curvature has a rigid structure with little flexibility. Scheuermann kyphosis usually affects the upper back area. Back pain is often concentrated at the top of the curve.
Pain may increase with activity. Sitting or standing for long periods of time can cause cramping and pain in the middle of the back, especially between the wing bones. Partial or temporary relief may be seen with exercises or painkillers.
The angle of kyphosis has increased in the x-rays taken during diagnosis. Wedging or height losses are noted in the anterior corners of the spine. In postural kyphosis, the spinal structures are normal. In Scheuermann kyphosis, if the degree of kyphosis exceeds 70 degrees, it is usually treated with surgery. is done. In postural kyphosis, the decision to operate should be made in case of severe pain or lack of response to physical therapy, and surgery should not be rushed. Postural kyphosis and Scheuermann kyphosis are often confused with each other. Postural kyphosis very rarely requires surgery.
3-Congenital Kyphosis
It occurs in the spine during the development of the baby in the womb. It is seen due to abnormal spinal structure as a result of deficiency or defect. The vertebrae may be adjacent to each other. It may result in severe hunchbacking in infancy and early childhood. Early intervention should be done.
Treatment
Treatment varies depending on the diagnosis and cause. Postural kyphosis usually does not cause lifelong problems. However, if Scheuermann and congenital kyphosis progress, surgery must be performed. The decision for surgery is made by the joint decision of the patient, physician and patient's relatives.
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