Leg Vascular Occlusion

In this article, we will examine the general lines. Links will be provided where necessary. You can also proceed by clicking on them.

The word "peripheral" is a word used for the ends of the body, that is, for the arms and legs. It is used in this term for leg vein occlusion.

ACUTE, which may require urgent intervention IMMEDIATELY with the addition of a clot on top of the existing vascular occlusion, a clot coming from the heart or the occlusion of the vein by the lime LEG VEIN OBSTRUCTION table may also occur.

It can be seen anywhere there is an artery. This disease, which often causes stenosis in the heart vessels, also causes stenosis in the heart or alone, especially in the leg veins and jugular veins. We will evaluate the carotid artery occlusion in another article.

Carotid artery occlusion CONNECTION

The two important issues that come to our minds in atherosclerosis are sugar and cigarettes. should be.

Peripheral vascular disease is seen due to age, mainly diabetes and/or high cholesterol or smoking. Leg atherosclerosis due to smoking is called Buerger's Disease as "nicotine allergy". You can reach this disease from the articles or videos named Buerger's Disease or Nicotine Disease.

One of the causes of Peripheral Vascular Disease is diabetes. There are results that result in wounds in the feet due to sugar and sometimes even loss of limbs. Vein and nerve involvement in the feet of diabetics is called "diabetic foot".

CONNECTION SOURCE VESSEL AND DIABETES

SYMPTOMS OF LEG VESSEL OCCLUSION

In sudden leg vein occlusion known as ''6P'' symptom occurs. These are respectively PAIN (PAIN), PALE (PALLOR), DARKNESS (PARESTHESIA), COLD (POIKIL) OTHERMIA), Pulselessness (PULSELESSNES) AND LOSS OF POWER (PARALYSIA). Apart from the sudden situation, this symptom occurs over time in long-term (chronic) developing leg vascular occlusion.

• Irreversible. The problem should be resolved before we get to this point. This is a very serious situation. If not treated, gangrene and loss of limbs result Sometimes the healing is not enough and it turns into an open wound, and gangrene occurs with the participation of the infection.

WHO HAS LEGACY OCCLUSION?


Risk factors include sugar and smoking comes first.

This is followed by high cholesterol, hypertension and family history, which are among the general risk factors for atherosclerosis. Obesity and alcohol use are also included in this list.

Some of those with leg vascular occlusion may have occlusion in the coronary arteries that do not show any symptoms yet. In some patients, these obstructions may require bypass. The reason for this is that the patient cannot walk due to calf pain and does not experience chest pain.

Conversely, 10-15% of patients with coronary artery stenosis may also have occlusion in the leg veins.

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When patients consult a doctor, in the examination:

• COLD: hair loss due to poor circulation in the legs, thinning of the skin and coldness are seen.

• Check pulses. Absence of Pulse: Weak or inability to get a pulse in the feet is often detected manually or with a device called hand doppler. Pulses are examined in the groin, back of the knee, on the top of the foot and in the arteries near the feet.

• The blood pressure of the foot and arm is measured and proportioned. This is called the Ankle Brachial index (ABI). It is important that this value is below 1.0.

LINK: ABI

• The next stage is the audit stage.

TREATMENT IN LEG VESSEL OCCLUSIONĞİCLER:

• ULTRASONOGRAPHY: After the examination, the first ultrasonography is requested for vascular occlusion. With this examination, stenosis and flow velocities are seen in the leg arteries. It is a painless and fast reliable examination.

The picture above shows the narrowing of the vessel and the passage of blood through the stenosis area indicated in red.

ANGIOLOGY IN LEG VESSEL OCCLUSION

• ANGIOGRAPHY: If stenosis is detected in ultrasonography, angiography is requested based on this. Before angiography, patients are also examined for the heart, and leg angiography and coronary angiography are often requested. In addition to classical angiography, similar Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) can be used for diagnosis. Computed Tomographic Angiography and MR angiography are also used today.

The areas seen in white on the angiography below are the arteries. Slight plaques and narrowing of the vessel wall (white arrow) are seen in the left vein, while the vein in the opposite leg (other arrow) is completely occluded in the same region.

LEG TREATMENT IN AVA OCCLUSIONĞI NEDI R?

While deciding for treatment, the walking distance, location and severity of the stenosis, and whether there is a foot wound are evaluated together.

• DRUG THERAPY: It is done with blood thinners and vasodilating drugs.

• ENDOVASCULAR TREATMENT: Balloon and stent in stenosis that does not require surgery operations can be applied. In the areas below the knee, problems may occur with the decrease of the diameters. We will evaluate this subject in a separate article.

• SURGICAL TREATMENT: Bypass technique, blood is sent down the clogged vessel. Ideally, the patient's own leg vein or artificial veins are used for this.

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